单甲脒对作物种群结构和生物量的影响  

The Effect of Monocarboxoldehyde on the Structure and Biomass of Crop Population.

作　　者：黄银晓[1] 林舜华[1] 高雷明[1] 韩荣庄 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所

出　　处：《环境科学》1997年第3期5-8,共4页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目

摘　　要：采用模拟试验方法研究新农药单甲脒对棉花、大豆种群生物量和结构的影响．结果表明，单甲脒对作物种群生物量和结构的影响因浓度和作物种类而不同．与对照比较，１０００倍稀释液处理的棉花、大豆地上和地下部分生物量都高于对照，有促进作用；１０倍处理的棉花地上、地下部分生物量明显低于对照，而大豆生物量５０倍已明显低于对照．单甲脒对作物生产结构的影响，１０００、５００、１００倍处理的棉花，有一定促进作用，以５００倍处理的最明显．同化系统最高数量的一层可为对照的２．５倍，非同化系统数量也高于对照，１０００倍处理的最明显，可为对照的１．５倍．１０倍处理的棉花同化、非同化系统各层数量变化，与对照比差别显著，叶层、根量、高度都受到抑制．单甲脒对大豆种群结构影响也依浓度和酸度而变化，１０００倍处理的同化、非同化系统数量比对照高，有促进作用，分别比对照提高２．２倍和１倍，而５０倍处理的大豆，生产结构已明显受抑制．光照强度与作物的光合速率与各层同化系统数量有相互影响的关系．说明单甲脒稀释液的浓度与酸度对作物种群的影响，也同样反映在种群的生物量和生产结构上．The effect of a new pesticide mono carboxoldehyde(DMAH,concentration of 25%),on the structure and biomass of crop population was studied.The results showed that the effect of DMAH to biomass population varied following concentration of DMAH and crop species. In the treatment of 1000 times dilution DMAH,both of above ground and under ground biomass of cotton and bean were higher than control,while with 10 times dilution treating cotton and with 50 times dilution treating bean were obviously lower than the control.There were significant effect on the yield structure of cotton treated with 1000, 500, and 100 times dilution DMAH, especially in the treating system of 500 times, in which highest biomass of the layer was 2 5 times higher than the control. The amount of non assimilative system was also obviously higher than the control (1.5 times) for the 1000 times treating system. In the 10 times treatment, both of assimilative system and non assimilative system of cotton were evidently different,the height,leaf and root biomass were depressed. The structure of bean population changed according to the concentration and acidity of DMAH.The amount of assimilative and non assimilative system of bean population increased by a factor of 2.2 and 1 respectively for control. The productive structure of bean treated whith 50 times was decreased. There was a linear relationship between the light intensity as well as photosynthesis rate of crop and assimilative system amount in any layer.

关 键 词：单甲脒 种群结构 生物量 棉花 大豆 作物 

分 类 号：X592.032.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S481.8[农业科学—农药学]