猪心静脉的应用解剖学研究  

Applied Anatomical Study on the Pig Cardiac Veins

作　　者：张平[1,2] 陶平[1,2] 夏家骝[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院基础医学研究所中国协和医科大学基础医学院解剖学室 [2]北京医科大学解剖学系

出　　处：《中国循环杂志》1997年第4期308-310,共3页Chinese Circulation Journal

摘　　要：目的：研究以猪心为动物模型经冠状窦逆行灌注和右心房逆行灌注的形态基础。方法：采用大体解剖及丙烯腈、丁二烯、苯乙烯的共聚树酯（ＡＢＳ）铸型方法，观测１００例猪心静脉、静脉瓣及静脉吻合。结果：冠状窦属支中存在静脉瓣，有个体差异。多数（７６％）心中静脉直接注入右心房。心表浅静脉有广泛的吻合，特别位于心尖、左缘和膈面。根据冠状窦的收受范围和心静脉的注入形式，将猪心静脉分为６种类型。结论：经右心房逆行灌注优于经冠状窦逆行灌注，能解决灌注液分布不均、右心保护不足的问题。Objective:The morphological bases of retrograde coronary sinus perfusion (RCSP) and retrograde right atrium perfusion (RRAP) were studied with pig heart model. Methods:The morphological feature of the cardiac veins,the venous valves and the anastomoses of superficial cardiac veins were investigated in 100 pig hearts by routine dissection and ABS resin cast methods. Results:The venous valves with variable forms and dimensions were found in the tributaries of the coronary siuns.Almost 76% middle cardiac vein opened directly into the right atrium.The anastomoses of superficial cardiac veins,especially in the apex,left margin and diaphragmatic surface were abundant.According to the distribution patterns of the tributaries of coronary sinus and the forms of the venous opening,the cardiac veins might be divided into 6 types. Conclusions:The date indicated that with the pig heart model,RRAP might result in better myocardial protection than RCSP,RRAP could overcome the unequal perfusion of cardioplegic fluid and poor protection of the right heart.

关 键 词：冠状窦 心前静脉 猪 动物模型 

分 类 号：R322.11[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]