生境类型对入侵植物肿柄菊(Tithonia diversifolia)种群和个体水平特征的影响  

Effects of habitat types on population-and individual-level performance of an invasive plant species Tithonia diversifolia

作　　者：崔清国[1] 彭华[2] 李仁强[1] 王艳红[1] 张丽丽[1] 何维明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所植被与环境变化国家重点实验室 [2]中国科学院昆明植物研究所,昆明650204

出　　处：《生态学报》2007年第11期4671-4677,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划资助项目(2003CB415103);国家自然科学基金资助项目(30770335)~~

摘　　要：外来植物入侵过程是入侵生态学研究的一个核心问题,被入侵生境中的各种要素对这一过程具有重要影响。为探讨入侵植物肿柄菊(Tithonia diversifolia)在种群和个体水平对不同生境的反应,调查了肿柄菊单优群落、肿柄菊与飞机草(Chromolaena odorata)共优群落和肿柄菊与紫茎泽兰(Ageratina adenophora)共优群落中肿柄菊的相对盖度、相对密度和高度,并开展了一个3因素(小气候、土壤类型和竞争)两水平的控制实验。结果表明:单优群落中,肿柄菊的相对盖度和相对密度显著大于其它两种群落中肿柄菊的相对盖度和相对密度;单优群落中肿柄菊的高度显著大于肿柄菊与紫茎泽兰共优群落中肿柄菊的高度,而与肿柄菊与飞机草共优群落中肿柄菊的高度无显著差异;肿柄菊的相对盖度、相对密度和高度在两个共优群落间无显著差异。小气候、土壤类型和竞争单个因素对肿柄菊的株高和叶片数没有显著影响,但三者的交互作用却显著影响肿柄菊的株高生长。这些结果表明:3个因素的综合作用影响肿柄菊的株高生长。Expanding processes of alien invasive plant species play an important role in determining their distribution. These processes are affected by various factors in the invaded communities. Tithonia diversifolia, as one of the most serious invasive plant species in Yunnan Province, has attracted attention from ecology, agriculture, and the environment. To answer the relationships between population- and individual-level characteristics of T. diversifolia and habitat types, we conducted an investigation and an experiment. We surveyed the exotic＇s relative cover, relative density and height in the communities dominated by T. diversifolia （ H1 ）, T. diversifolia and Chromolaena odorata （ H2 ）, and T. diversifolia and Ageratina adenophora （ H3 ）, respectively, using ten 1 ~ 1 m2 plots per habitat. The relative cover and relative density of T. diversifolia were significantly higher in the H1 than in the H2 and H3; the height of T. diversifolia was significantly higher in the H1 than in the H3, but not in the H2 ; H2 and H3 exhibited similar relative cover, relative density, and height. A field experiment was conducted to identify individual-level responses of T. diversifolia competition, each with two levels （i. e. , shrubland microclimate and grassland microclimate, soil, and with and without competition）. There were ten replicates for each combination. Neyraudia reynaudiana was chosen to compare its responses with ones of T. to microclimate, soils, and shrubland soil and grassland A dominant native species changed the soils, and transplanted experimental seedlings. At the end of this experiment, we determined height and leaf number of the height, respond to diversifolia diversifolia. T. diversifolia and N. reynaudiana. The interactions of microclimate, soils and competition significantly affected but not number of leaves of T. diversifolia, and the height and number of leaves of To diversifolia did not microclimate, soils, and competition alone. There were some differences in individual responses bet

关 键 词：生境类型 个体生长 入侵植物 种群特征 肿柄菊 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]