中国地区稻田CH_4和生物质燃烧CO排放对对流层氧化性的影响  

Modeling of CH_4 emission from rice paddies and CO emission from biomass burning and their effects on tropospheric oxidizing capacity in China

作　　者：谢旻[1] 王体健[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学大气科学系,南京210093

出　　处：《生态学报》2007年第11期4803-4814,共12页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划资助项目(2006CB403703;2006CB403706;2005CB422205);国家教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助项目~~

摘　　要：利用稻田甲烷排放模型估计中国地区稻田CH4排放,得到排放总量为9.26Tg,排放有明显的季节和空间变化。运用中尺度气象模式MM5以及光化学模式CALGRID,研究上述稻田CH4排放以及Streets等估计的生物质燃烧CO排放对对流层化学的影响。结果表明,这些排放对对流层低层CH4、CO、OH、HO2、O3浓度均有影响。稻田CH4排放在主要水稻种植区附近使得CH4浓度明显增加、最大增量达到66.97μg.m-3。由于大气中存在活性更强的VOC和CO,稻田CH4排放对自由基和O3全国平均浓度的影响不大,使O3增加0.24%、使HO2增加0.4%、使OH减小0.06%。生物质燃烧CO排放使主要排放区附近CO浓度增加大于60μg.m-3,使OH全国平均浓度减小2.2%,使HO2和O3浓度分别增加2.8%和0.9%。生物质燃烧CO排放对中国地区近地面O3浓度影响强于稻田CH4排放。两者的综合影响使得全国对流层低层O3浓度平均增加1.2%,局部地区最大增加量达4.12μg.m-3。上述自然源排放的影响有明显的空间变化,与下垫面类型有关;还有强烈的季节变化,通常夏季影响最为显著。Based on the work of Huang et al. in 1998, an inventory of CH4 emission from rice paddies for China was developed. For the year 2000, the annual total emission is estimated to be 9.26 Tg, and the inventory shows large seasonal and regional variation. With the aid of the mesoscale meteorological model MM5 and the photochemical model CALGRID, the effects of the forenamed natural CH4 emission and the CO emission from biomass burning estimated by Streets et al. on tropospheric chemistry over China were investigated. The results indicate that the countrywide mean surface concentrations of CH4, CO, OH, HO2 and O3 significantly changed. The CH4 emission from rice paddies results in a maximum CH4 increase of 66. 97μg·m^-3 near the paddy soils. But because of VOC and CO in the air, the natural CH4 emission has little effect on the radicals and O3. So the countrywide mean surface concentrations of O3 and HO2 increase 0.24% and 0.4% , respectively, and OH decreases 0.06%. The CO emission from Biomass burning causes the concentration of CO near the sources increase more than 60μg·m^-3 O3 vary -2.2%, 2.8% and 0.9%, Owning to its effects, the countrywide mean surface respectively. Comparatively burning on O3 formation is greater than the CH4 emission from rice are different here and there in correspondence with the distribution speaking, the impact of concentrations of OH, HO2 and the CO emission from biomass paddies. Furthermore, the previously mentioned effects of landuse types. They also vary with the seasons, and the variation is much higher in summer than in any other seasons.

关 键 词：稻田 CH4 生物质燃烧 CO 对流层 氧化特性 

分 类 号：P402[天文地球—大气物理学与大气环境]