几种水氮模式处理下冬小麦冠层结构的差异  

A Comparative Study of Canopy Structures of Winter Wheat under Different Models of Irrigation and N Fertilization

作　　者：李志勇[1] 郭永新[1] 王璞[2] 翟志席[2] MARION Boening Zilkens 

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学农学院,河南洛阳471003 [2]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100094 [3]霍恩海姆大学

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2007年第6期1085-1088,1095,共5页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：中德合作项目(0339712A);国家自然科学基金项目(30070451)

摘　　要：为了给冬小麦水氮管理提供理论依据,以京冬8号为试验材料,采用随机区组设计,研究了4种水氮模式处理下冬小麦冠层结构的差异。结果表明,与传统水肥相比,传统灌溉-优化施肥的冬小麦株型较紧凑,植株高度相近,基部节间缩短,上3叶变短、变厚,总面积减少11.6%,叶倾角大,各层透光率高;优化灌溉-传统施肥的冬小麦株型松散,植株高度增加,基部节间差异小,上3叶变长、变薄,总面积增加14.1%,叶倾角小,各层透光率低;优化水肥与秸秆还田优化水肥株型稍松散,高度有所增加,基部节间缩短,上3叶长度有所增加,宽度有所减少,总面积分别减少2.3%和1.7%,叶倾角略减小,各层透光率略下降。与优化水肥相比,秸秆还田优化水肥有利于改善冬小麦冠层结构和光分布,但效果不明显。To give information on management of irrigation and N fertilization in winter wheat,the effects of four improved irrigation-fertilization models on canopy structure of winter wheat were investigated in a field experiment with a randomized complete block design.The results showed that,compared with traditional irrigation-traditional fertilization model,improved traditional irrigation-optimized fertilization model made plant type compact,phant height unifarmed,the bottom internode length decreased,the top three leaf blades short and thick,the total leaf area decreased by 11.6%,leaf tilt angle and the ratio of penetrated light at different heights increased.On the contrary,improved optimized irrigation-traditional fertilization model made plant type very loose,Plant height increased,the bottom internode length almost not changed,the top three leaf blades longer and thinner,the total leaf area increased by 14.1%,leaf tilt angle and the ratio of penetrated light at different heights decreased.The models of improved optimized irrigation-optimized fertilization and improved optimized irrigation-optimized fertilization with crop residues made plant type slightly loose,height increased a little,the bottom internode length decreased,the top three leaf blades longer and narrower,the total leaf area decreased by 2.3% and 1.7%,respectively,and leaf tilt angle and the ratio of penetrated light at different heights decreased slightly.Compared to the improved optimized irrigation-optimized fertilization,the improved optimized irrigation-optimized fertilization with crop residues improved canopy structure and light distribution of winter wheat,but the effect was not significant.

关 键 词：冬小麦 灌溉 施肥 冠层结构 

分 类 号：S512.9[农业科学—作物学] S311