上海城区学龄前集体儿童肥胖的管理评估  

An evaluation on management of preschool obesity in Shanghai

作　　者：姚国英[1] 魏梅[1] 张晶[1] 袁丽娟[1] 方秉华[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学附属儿童医院上海市儿童保健所,上海200040

出　　处：《上海预防医学》2007年第11期541-543,共3页Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：[目的]了解上海城区3～6岁儿童肥胖发生趋势及管理效果，以进一步完善儿童肥胖的防治和干预措施。[方法]在1996年全国0～7岁儿童单纯性肥胖流调样本城区抽取点范围内，于1999年和2002年，以同样方法整群抽取3～6岁的幼儿园儿童，对其每年5-6月常规体格测量资料进行评价。参照WHO标准，应用身高标准体重法判断超重和肥胖。同时对辖区内幼儿园保健老师用问卷形式评估儿童肥胖的管理情况。[结果]2002年与1999年3—6岁学龄前儿童单纯性肥胖总检出率分别为8．01％和8．49％，差异无统计学意义；1999年与1996年资料比较，超重和肥胖检出率均有显著上升，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．001）。儿童肥胖率随年龄的增大呈逐年增加的态势不变。肥胖发生率男童高于女童（P〈0．001）。中、重度肥胖构成比例有下降趋势。基层对儿童肥胖的干预措施在不断的实施中。[结论]虽然3～6岁儿童肥胖的发生趋势严峻，但通过对幼儿园群体儿童的科学管理，可以遏止学龄前儿童肥胖流行的上升态势。卫生及教育部门要联手，共同研究对策，制订切实可行的干预措施。[Objective] To know the situation of obesity in children aged 3 to 6 years in Shanghai, that some effective measures for interference can be taken. [ Methods ] The physical development data of children aged 3 to 6 years from kindergartens in Shanghai urban in 1996 and 2002 were reviewed. The parameters of weight for height were used to define the level of obesity and overweight according to WHO standard. In the meantime used questionnaire to interview the teachers to evaluate the management of children simple obesity in kindergartens. [ Results ] The morbidity of simple obesity increased sharply from 1996 to 1999 （ 3.76% to 8.49%, P 〈 0. 001 }, and 8.01% in 2002. The rate of obesity in male was higher than that in female （ P 〈 0. 001 ）. There were more children with obesity in the higher grades, but the ratio of which （ weight for height 〉 30% ） decreased. The management of obesity control went on continually in the district. [ Conclusion] The prevalence of preschool obesity can be restrained through scientific managements. Pediatricians can work with the schools to provide effective intervention on obesity.

关 键 词：学龄前儿童 单纯性肥胖 干预 托幼机构 

分 类 号：R723.14[医药卫生—儿科]