单季晚稻武运粳7号超高产的群体结构  

The population structure of the single japonica rice cropping with super-high yield

作　　者：吴昊[1] 李刚华[1] 王强盛[1] 袁奇[1] 郑永美[1] 王惠芝[1] 丁艳锋[1] 王绍华[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学农业部作物生长调控重点开放实验室/江苏省信息农业高技术研究重点实验室,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2007年第4期6-10,共5页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：国家粮食丰产科技工程(2004BA520A03;BE2004387);江苏省农业科技项目(BC2005312);江苏省农业资源开发项目(2005R8);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK2006142)

摘　　要：为明确12.00 t·hm^-2超高产群体结构,以提高超高产的重演率,本试验采用不同密度和肥料处理,使小区产量产生9.00-12.00 t·hm^-2的变异,研究了单季晚粳稻武运粳7号不同产量水平的群体结构。结果表明,颖花量大、高效叶面积大、高粒叶比以及高生物产量,尤其是灌浆结实期干物质积累量的明显优势是超高产群体的最显著特征。与高、中产群体相比,12.00 t·hm^2超高产群体的指标主要为：穗数300-315万穗·hm^2,成穗率大于65%,颖花量47625万朵·hm^-2左右,每穗实粒数131粒左右,最大适宜叶面积指数7.2左右,灌浆结实期叶面积指数下降速率平均每天小于等于0.062,高效叶面积占有效叶面积比大于等于61.9%,粒叶比值大于等于0.66粒·cm^-2,灌浆结实期干物质积累量大于9.00 t·hm^-2,占产量的75%以上。This field experiment was conducted to investigate the characteristics of the high yield （ 12. 00 t ·hm^2 ） rice popula- tion structure, which may be helpful for increasing rice grain yield by agronomic practices. A japonica rice cuhivar, Wuyunjing 7, was planted under contrasting irrigation and fertilizer treatments, and the resulting yield had a range of 9. 00 to 12. 00 t·hm^-2. The results showed that the characteristics of high yield population structure were more spikelets, larger highly-efficient leaf area, higher ratio of leaf area to grains and dry biomass production accumulated particularly during filling stage. Compared with the lower yield population, the population structure of the 12. 00 t·hm^-2 yield were as follows： effective panicles 300 × 10^4 -315 × 10^4 Inn-E, percentage of effective tillers more than 65%, total spikelets approximately 476. 25 million per hectare, filled grains approximately 131 per panicle, maximum leaf area index （LAI） approximately 7.2, LAI decreasing velocity approximately 0. 062 per day during grain-filling stage, highly efficient area comprised 61.9% of the effective leaf area, ratio of leaf area to grains more than 0. 66, and accumulation of dry matter more than 9. 00 t · hm^-2 （ more than 75% of total yield） during grain-filling.

关 键 词：单季晚粳稻 超高产 群体结构 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]