以骨密度、骨强度评估参与体育锻炼中老年女性的骨健康  

Bone health of middle-aged and elder women participating in physical training:Evaluation by bone mineral density and bone strength

作　　者：赵宁[1] 刘卫[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学体育学院,山东省淄博市255049

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》2007年第45期9104-9107,共4页Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research

摘　　要：目的:骨密度是现今诊断骨质疏松及评价骨折危险性的重要指标。从骨密度、骨强度等不同层次和角度,分析运动对中老年妇女骨健康的影响,旨在为全面的预防和治疗骨质疏松提供参考。方法:①对象:选择2003-03/08在北京妇幼保健院参加常规体检的195名中老年女性,年龄为38～80岁。②分组:根据有无绝经和体育锻炼情况将研究对象分为4组:体育未绝经组39人,非体育未绝经组(对照组)33人,体育绝经组67人,非体育绝经组(对照组)56人。③方法及评估:应用DPX-IQ型双能X射线骨密度仪、运动功能分析仪对所有受试对象进行身高、体质量、脂肪含量、腰椎L2～4和股骨颈骨密度、抗骨折能力的测试。结果:①各组受试者骨密度及骨强度的差异:体育未绝经组的L2～4及股骨颈骨密度均高于非体育未绝经组(t=4.397,P<0.01);体育绝经组的L2～4及股骨颈骨密度均高于非体育绝经组(t=2.732,P<0.01)。体育未绝经组的股骨颈抗骨折能力高于非体育未绝经组(t=2.914,P<0.01);体育绝经组的股骨颈抗骨折能力高于非体育绝经组(t=2.165,P<0.05)。②体育组与对照组受试者骨质疏松发生率比较:体育组中骨量正常人所占百分比比对照组高,而骨量减少和骨质疏松者所占百分比比对照组低。结论:体育锻炼有促进人体骨健康的作用,可以从延缓骨量减少、骨强度下降等方面达到预防骨质疏松性骨折发生的目的。AIM： Bone mineral density （BMD） is a major index to diagnose osteoporosis and assess fracture risk nowadays. This article is aimed to analyze the effect of exercise on bone health of middle-aged and elder women and provide references for fully preventing and treating osteoporosis from different levels and angles of BMD and bone strength and so on. METHODS： （~195 middle-aged and elder women aged 38-80 years, who received conventional body examination, were enrolled at Beijing Women and Children Health from March to August 2003. ②All subjects were divided into 4 groups according to menopause and physical training, exercise and non-menopause group （n =39）, non-exercise and non-menopause group （control group）（n =33）, exercise and menopause group （n =67） and non-exercise and menopause group （control group） （n =56）. ③Height, body mass, lipid content, BMD and anti-fracture ability of lumbar vertebrae L2-4 and collum femoris were determined in all patients by DPX-IQ dual energy X-ray bone sonometers and motor function analysator. RESULTS： ③ BMD of I-2-4 and collum femods were higher in the exercise and non-menopause group than the non-exercise and non-menopause group （t =4.397,P 〈 0.01）. BMD of L2-4 and collum femoris were higher in the exercise and menopause group than the control group （t =2.732, P 〈 0.01 ）. Anti-fracture ability of collum femofis was higher in the exercise and non-menopause group than the non-exercise and non-menopause group （t =2.914,P 〈 0.01）. Anti-fracture ability of collum femoris was higher in the exercise and menopause group than the control group （t =2.165,P 〈 0.05）. ② The percentage of normal BMD was higher in the exercise groups than the control group, whereas less BMD and percentage of osteoporotic women were lower than the control group. CONCLUSION： Physical training can promote human bone health and prevent the osteoporotic fracture by delaying the reduction of BMD and bone strength.

关 键 词：骨密度 骨质疏松 中年人 老年人 体育运动 组织构建 

分 类 号：R68[医药卫生—骨科学]