新疆棉花高体细胞胚胎发生能力基因型的筛选  

Genotype Selection of Xinjiang Cottons with Higher Ability of Somatic Embryogenesis and Plant Regeneration

作　　者：周小凤[1] 张碧瑶[1] 刘冠泽[1] 高巍[1] 余渝[1] 邓福军[2] 李保成[2] 孔宪辉[2] 张献龙[1] 金双侠[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学作物遗传改良国家重点室,武汉430070 [2]新疆农垦科学院棉花研究所,石河子832000

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2007年第6期819-826,共8页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：本研究得到新疆建设兵团博士点基金(编号:2007JC16);国家自然科学基金(编号:30771368)资助

摘　　要：本研究以15个新疆主栽优良品种(系)以及两个对照品种YZ-1和Y668为研究对象,利用下胚轴做外植体进行胚胎发生能力的比较研究,筛选出了5个能够胚胎发生的基因型,即新陆早12,新陆早17,新陆早22,新陆早32和新陆早33,其中新陆早32和新陆早33,能在3个月左右分化,且分化率较高,可达90%左右,其它3个品种的分化效率为:新陆早17为46.9%,新陆早12为35.1%,新陆早22为25.3%,但这3个品种的分化时间都比较长,需5个月左右。同时对5个再生品种及两个对照品种的成胚效率进行了比较,由新陆早32和新陆早33诱导的胚性愈伤在胚状体数目及胚胎萌发效率都比较高,具备作为棉花优良遗传转化受体的基本特征,目前已经用于农杆菌介导的转基因试验。上述研究拓展了棉花组织培养及转基因的受体范围,为新疆棉区转基因育种研究工作的开展提供了重要基础材料。Fifteen elite genotypes of Xinjiang （Xinluzao series） were selected for comparison of their regeneability using 2,4-D＋Kinetin hormone combination. Among these genotypes, 5 genotypes, namely Xinluzao 12, 17, 22, 32 and Xinluzao 33, have ability of somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration. Especially, two genotypes, namely, Xinluzao 32 and Xinluzao 33 have predominant ability of somatic embryogenesis, which got high ratio （above 90%） of somatic embryogenesis within 3 months. Other 3 genotypes Xinluzao 12, 17 and 22 showed relatively lower ability of somatic embryogenesis. The differentiation rate of Xinluzao 12, Xinluzao 17 and Xinluzao 22 is 35.1%, 46.9% and 25.3 % respectively and needed longer differentiation time （nearly 5 months）. At the same time, the embryo germination efficiency about 7 cultivars was analyzed. The total number of embryos in one gram callus and frequency of embryo germination of Xinluzao 32 and 33 was higher than those of Xinluzao 12, 17 and 22. The identification of these two elite genotypes Xinluzao 32 and 33 will give people more choice on the explants used for cotton transformation in XinJiang, which will significantly improve the transgenic efficiency and save time consumed in the somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration.

关 键 词：陆地棉 新陆早系列 体细胞胚胎发生 植株再生 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]