中国陆地生态系统NPP模拟及空间格局分析  

Study on Modeling and Spatial Pattern of Net Primary Production in China's Terrestrial Ecosystem

作　　者：陈斌[1] 王绍强[1] 刘荣高[1] 宋婷[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所

出　　处：《资源科学》2007年第6期45-53,共9页Resources Science

基　　金：国家973计划项目:"中国陆地生态系统碳循环及其驱动机制研究"(编号:2002CB412501);中国科学院创新团队国际合作伙伴计划项目:"人类活动与生态系统变化"(编号:CXTD-Z2005-1);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(编号:KZCX2-YW-305-3)

摘　　要：本研究利用基于光能利用率理论的区域尺度遥感参数模型(C-Fix模型)估算了2003年中国陆地生态系统NPP,并对其空间格局进行了分析。模型输入数据包括叶面积指数数据(LAI)、中国地面气象站的逐日气温数据、逐日降水数据和太阳总辐射数据、数字高程模型(DEM)等,模型输出数据的空间分辨率均为1km2,时间步长为1天。模拟结果表明:2003年中国陆地总NPP和平均NPP分别为4.37 Pg C和640.32 g C/(m2.年),NPP的主要分布趋势是:从东南沿海向西北逐渐减小;其中海南岛南部、云南西南部和南部、青藏高原东南部的热带雨林和季雨林地区年NPP最大,在1 800g^2 500g C/(m2.年)之间;青藏高原和新疆绝大部分地区,一般在100 g C/(m2.年)以下;西部塔克拉玛干沙漠地区植被稀疏,植被NPP不足5 g C/(m2.年)。C-Fix模型进一步发展需要考虑不同土地覆被类型(比如,森林、草地、农田等)的生物物理和生物地球化学性质的变异性,以减少模型估算结果的不确定性。Terrestrial carbon cycle has been the focus in global change research. Simulating net primary production of terrestrial ecosystems has been very important in carbon cycle research for evaluating primary production at global or regional scale; simulating the growth of crop; estimating the spatial pattern of carbon flux and its interaction with climate; and predicting the variation of ecological environment. This study aims to simulate China＇s terrestrial NPP in 2003 using a remote sensing-based region-scale parametric model （C-Fix model） to explore the tempo-spatial patterns of China＇s terrestrial net primary production; and to reveal the mechanisms of their responses to various environmental factors in the light of resources balance. C-Fix model is advantageously simple and easy to be established. For these purposes, a national input database has been set up on a lday-lkm tempo-spatial resolution. Data used in this study includes： Leaf Area Index （LAI）, daily temperature grid data, daily precipitation grid data and daily solar radiation grid data. The results show that, in 2003, China＇s total and average terrestrial NPP were 4.37 Pg C and 640.32 g C/（ m^2· a）, respectively. The spatial pattern of NPP is： NPP gradually decreased from southeast of China to northwest of China; the value of NPP are greatest in tropical rainforest and monsoon forest of south of Hainan Island, southwest and south of Yunnan province and southeast of Qing-Tibet Plateau, it is between 1 800 and 2 500 g C/（m^2·a）, the maximum value is 2 743 g C/（m^2·a）. The NPP value is below 100 g C/（m^2·a） in most parts of Qing-Tibet Plateau and Xinjiang province. The vegetation is sparse in Taklimakan Desert and its NPP is no more than 5 g C/（m^2·a）. The total NPP value derived from this study is consistent with （2.24 - 6.13 Pg C） or close to results of other relevant researches, convinced this study＇s reliability. Moreover, the spatial pattern of NPP simulated by C-Fix model is in accordance with the res

关 键 词：净初级生产力 C—Fix模型 遥感 中国 

分 类 号：Q14[生物学—生态学]