TiO_2/PVA杂化膜的渗透蒸发性能及结构表征  

Permeation and characterization of TiO_2/PVA hybrid membranes

作　　者：陈建华[1] 叶李艺[1] 张秀华[1] 刘庆林[1] 张秋根[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学化学化工学院化学工程与生物工程系,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《化学工程》2007年第11期29-32,共4页Chemical Engineering(China)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50573063);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助项目

摘　　要：通过纳米TiO2粒子填充改性制备了新型TiO2/PVA杂化膜。红外光谱表明纳米TiO2表面的羟基与聚乙烯醇(PVA)链上的羟基存在较强的氢键作用。扫描电镜显示当TiO2的质量分数低于1.5%时,在PVA中分散均匀。X射线衍射显示纳米TiO2的加入降低了膜的结晶度。通过对含水质量分数低于20%的水/乙醇体系的脱水研究了该杂化膜的渗透性能,考察了TiO2粒子填充量、料液质量分数和温度与膜分离性能之间的关系。渗透通量J随着TiO2、水质量分数和温度的升高而增加,分离因子随着温度和水质量分数的升高而下降,在TiO2质量分数为1.5%时分离因子达到最佳值。40℃下分离质量分数85%的乙醇水溶液,分离因子可达1 590,渗透通量为0.049kg/(m2.h)。Novel nanometer-sized TiO2 filled polyvinyl alcohol （PVA） membranes were prepared. Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） indicates that there is a strong hydrogen-bond interaction between PVA and TiO2. Scanning electron microscope （SEM） shows that TiO2 particles are well distributed in the membrane matrix when TiO2 mass fraction is less than 1.5%. X-ray diffraction （XRD） reveals that the crystallinity of the hybrid membrane is lower than that of the PVA membrane. The permeation properties of the membrane was studied through the dehydration of water/ethanol system,of which water mass fraction is less than 20%, and the effects of TiO2 mass fraction, feed water mass fraction and temperature on the permeation properties of the membrane were investigated. The results show that the permeation flux J increases with increasing TiO2 mass fraction, feed water mass fraction and temperature. Meanwhile, the separation factor α decreases with increasing the feed water mass fraction and temperature. Separation factor arrives at an optimal value when TiO2 mass fraction is 1.5%. The separation factor and permeation flux reach 1 590 and 0. 049 kg/（ m^2 ·h） respectively for the separation of mass fraction 85% ethanol/water solution at 40 ℃.

关 键 词：TIO2 聚乙烯醇 渗透蒸发 杂化膜 

分 类 号：TQ028.8[化学工程]