3种日粮条件下15-60日龄羔羊的采食、消化和瘤胃消化代谢  

Intake,Digestion and Rumen Metabolism of 15-60 Day's Lambs Fed with 3 Diets

作　　者：朱文涛[1] 雒秋江[1] 陈勇[1] 古丽尼沙.依米提 杨开伦[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物营养实验室,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业大学学报》2007年第4期1-9,共9页Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30360076)

摘　　要：将36只新生罗姆尼与中国美利奴羊杂交公羔,从15日龄起分别喂给代乳（奶粉）或两种不同能量及不同蛋白水平的日粮（11.91 MJ/kg,20%;8.15 MJ/kg,14%）,以研究15-60日龄羔羊采食、消化与体增重的变化。结果表明,15-60日龄期间每只羔羊的采食量随日龄而增加,平均增加6-11 g/d,视日粮的类型而定。15-60日龄期间羔羊对非乳日粮的干物质、有机物、粗蛋白、纤维素、半纤维素的表观消化率均随日龄而不断提高,但日龄对磷、钙表观消化率无显著影响。日龄对代乳（奶粉）的消化率也无显著影响。30日龄之前的羔羊对纤维素、半纤维素的消化率均低于10%,在60日龄时分别为25%和40%左右,故在30和60日龄前羔羊不宜喂给或大量喂给粗饲料。饲喂非乳日粮时15-60日龄期间羔羊瘤胃液pH、氨态氮和VFAs浓度均随日龄而增加,并且受日粮的影响。瘤胃液原虫数量随日龄均呈增加的趋势,特别是在混合精料＋玉米青贮日粮在60日龄时比45日龄增加了3倍。而细菌总数和各类细菌数在45日龄时则已基本稳定。饲喂混合精料时羔羊的日增重与饲喂代乳的羔羊基本相似,在15-60日龄平均分别为195 g/d和193 g/d,而饲喂混合精料＋玉米青贮日粮时较低,为132 g/d。本试验表明,宜用精料型日粮饲喂断奶羔羊,其效果与代乳相当。36 of newborn Romney Marsh）〈 Xinjiang Merino male lambs were fed with substitute （milk powder）, or two diets（11. 91 MJ/kg,20Gl8. 15 MJ/kg, 14%） respectively since 15 Day＇s age,to study the change of the intake,digestion and body weight gain during 15--60 day＇s. The results showed that the intake by lambs during 15--60 day＇s was increased with the age,on the average of 6-11g/lamb/day,depending on the type of diets. The apparent digestibility of dry matter,organic matter,crude protein,cellulose,semi-cellulose,but not phosphorus and calcium,was increased with the age. There was no significant effect of age on the digestibility of substitute （milk powder）. The digestibility of cellulose and semi-cellulose by lambs before 30 day＇s was lower than 10%,and was about 25% and 40% respectively at 60 day＇s, suggesting it is not available to feed the lambs with roughage before 60 day＇s. When non-milk source diets were fed the pH, NHa-N and VFAs in rumen fluid were increased with age,which also was affected by diets. The amount of protozoa in rumen fluid was increased with age,especially for the concentrate ＋ corn silage diet the amount of protozoa at 60 day＇s was as three times high as that at 45 day＇s. The amount of bacteria in rumen fluid was almost stable after 45 day＇s. The average body weight gains of lambs during 15--60 day＇s were similar when the lambs were fed with concentrate diet or milk substitute （195 v. 193 g/lamb/day）, however,when concentrate -t- corn silage diet was fed the body weight gain was as low as 132 g/lamb/day. It is concluded that it is available to feed the early weaner lambs with concentrate diet, which is as effective as milk substitute.

关 键 词：羔羊 采食 瘤胃 消化 增重 

分 类 号：S816.32[农业科学—饲料科学]