棉花漂浮育苗法对棉苗生物学特性及移栽棉产量构成因素的影响  

Effects of Floatable Nursing Method of Cotton Seedling on its Biological Characteristics and Yield Components of Transplanted Cotton

作　　者：熊格生[1] 陈金湘[1] 唐海明[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学棉花研究所,长沙410128

出　　处：《中国农业科技导报》2007年第5期105-109,共5页Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：国家"863"计划项目(2003AA2410918);湖南省科技厅项目(06NK4033)资助

摘　　要：以农杂66为材料，研究了漂浮育苗最佳的播种深度、播放方式、棉苗的生物学特性及移栽后棉株的产量构成因素。研究结果表明：漂浮育苗播种深度以1．5—2．0cm为宜；以斜放的播放效果最好，成苗率高、带壳率低。与营养钵育苗相比，漂浮育苗的棉苗素质优于对照，茎叶鲜重及干重、根系鲜重及干重、根体积、根长、根半径和根密度均高于对照。漂浮育苗棉苗的主根发达、明显，侧根数显著多于对照，根系鲜重增加1倍。漂浮育苗移栽棉的始蕾期、始花期提早3—5d；单株有效果枝数增加2—3个，成铃数增加26．5％，蕾铃脱落率降低4．2％，从而提高了棉花的产量。This paper, taking Nongza 66 as material, studies the most suitable sowing depth and sowing manner for floatable nursing seedling in water-bed （FNSWB） and the effects of FNSWB on seedling biological characteristics, and on yield components after the seedling is transplanted in the field. The results show that the suitable sowing depth of FNSWB is from 1.5 to 2.0 cm, and the best sowing manner was laying the seedling with slope, which bears high seedling setting rate and low seed coat rate. Compared with nursing by nutritive bowls（NBNS） , the seedling quality of FNSWB is superior than the contrast, such as the fresh and dry weight of shoot, size and length of root, root semi- diameter, and root density. The main root of FNSWB is remarkably well developed, the number of lateral roots is more than that of the contrast, and the weight of fresh root system is nearly two times of that of the NBNS. Compared with NBNS, the first budding and anthesis of transplanted cotton by FNSWB appear 3 ~ 5 days earlier, the number of fruiting branches increases 2 ~ 3 more, the boll retention rate is 26.5% higher, and the rate of boll shedding is 4.2% lower. Therefore, the yield of cotton production is increased.

关 键 词：棉花 漂浮育苗 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S31[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术] S562[农业科学—农艺学]