谱线强度法所测得温度的物理意义  

Physical Meaning of Temperature Measured by Spectral Line Intensity Method

作　　者：赵文华[1] 唐皇哉[1] 沈岩[1] 石勇[1] 侯凌云[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学航天航空学院,北京100084

出　　处：《光谱学与光谱分析》2007年第11期2145-2149,共5页Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(60574031)资助

摘　　要：从统计热力学的角度分析了电子温度和激发温度的不同。明确的指出谱线强度法所测得的是重粒子内部电子的激发温度而不是自由电子温度。在热力学平衡态下等离子体激发温度与电子温度相同,在热力学非平衡态下激发温度与电子温度不同。在对真空室中电弧加热发动机羽流的研究中,采用谱线强度法测量了羽流的表观激发温度,同时采用Langmuir探针法测量羽流的电子温度,两种温度之间的巨大差异证实了谱线强度法所测得的温度不是电子温度。The difference between electron temperature and excitation temperature is analyzed in the aspect of statistics thermodynamics. It is presented clearly that the temperature acquired by spectral line intensity method is not free electron temperature, but internal electronic excitation temperature of heavy particle. Under thermal equilibrium condition, the excitation temperature is equal to the electron temperature, while under non-thermal equilibrium condition, the excitation temperature is not equal to the electron temperature. In the study of arc jet plume in vacuum chamber, spectral line intensity method was employed to measure the apparent excitation temperature of arc jet plume, and Langmuir probe was employed to measure the electron temperature of arcjet plume. The big difference between the excitation temperature and the electron temperature proved that the temperature acquired by spectral line intensity method is not free electron temperature.

关 键 词：谱线强度法 激发温度 电子温度 电弧加热发动机 

分 类 号：O536[理学—等离子体物理]