太湖流域1960年代营养物质输移的模拟评估研究  

A modeling-based assessment study on nutrients transport in Taihu basin during 1960s

作　　者：赖格英[1] 于革[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所

出　　处：《中国科学院研究生院学报》2007年第6期756-764,共9页Journal of the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences

基　　金：国家科技部973课题(2002CB412300-1);中国科学院知识创新工程课题(KZCX1-SW-12).

摘　　要：通过数理统计、动力模拟等方法,结合社会经济的统计资料,确定了1960年代的工业点源排放、土地利用/覆盖等模拟数据输入,利用分布式机理性的流域模型SWAT,模拟了太湖流域1960年代营养物质输移的时空分布,并在敏感性试验的基础上,对营养物质输移的影响因子进行了分析,从而得出了1960年代营养物质输移的时空分布基本态势.研究结果表明,在工业点源、生活污水、牲畜养殖、农业化肥和土壤营养本底等5个敏感性因子中,生活污水对入湖营养物质的贡献最大;非点源形式排放的营养物质(总氮和总磷)约占入湖总量的3/4,是流域营养物质排放的主要形式;同时,结果还表明,人类活动造成的营养物质排放是太湖流域营养盐入湖总量的主要来源.After industrial pollution in point source, land use/cover and other data in 1960s for SWAT model were estimated by statistical and modeling methods, spatial-temporal distribution of nutrient transport in Taihu Basin during 1960s was simulated and the effort factors of nutrient transport were analyzed using SWAT （Soil and Water Assessment Tool）model. The simulation results show that total nitrogen （TN） from external sources of nutrients into Taihu Lake in one year is less than 10000t, total phosphorus less than 1000t. The maximum of TP spatial distribution is located in Zhexi Region and the maximum of TN spatial distribution is located in Huxi Region. The results of sensitivity tests show that sewerage, which is one of five sensitivity factors （sewerage, industrial sources, livestock drainage, soil nutrients and losses of fertilizers in drained agricultural lands）, has the max contribution to nutrients into Taihu Lake, 35.6% for TN, 38.4% for TP. are more than nutrients from other sources. The NPS is main form of external sources of nutrients into Lake Taihu, which contributes 76.6 % and 74.8 % of TN and TP respectively. Human activity has an important effort to nutrient transport into Taihu Lake.

关 键 词：太湖流域 营养物质输移 模拟评估 1960年代 富营养化 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X171