异养型同步硝化反硝化处理氨氮废水及群落结构分析  

Heterotrophic nitrifiers and aerobic denitrifiers in process of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification disposing NH_4^+-N wastewater.

作　　者：苏俊峰[1] 马放[1] 高珊珊[1] 魏利[1] 李维国[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院环境科学与工程系

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2007年第6期685-690,共6页Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大国际合作资助项目(50521140075);国家重点基础研究发展计划"973"资助项目(2004CB185050)

摘　　要：从生物陶粒反应器中筛选出6株异养硝化细菌,采用乙酸钠-氯化铵培养基培养细菌进行硝化特性研究.经过12 d好氧培养,6株异养硝化细菌对COD的去除率在45%以上,总氮和氨氮最终去除率在60%以上,并且具有产生NOx--N的硝化性能.采用污泥驯化手段富集好氧反硝化细菌,将得到的驯化污泥分离纯化,共得到5株高效好氧反硝化细菌(f1f、2f、3f、5、f7),他们对总氮(TN)的去除率分别为90.4%、91.2%、94.6%、95.6%、97%,表现出较好的总氮去除能力.将6株异养硝化细菌和5株好氧反硝化细菌扩大培养后,建立SBR反应器进行氨氮去除的试验研究.PCR-DGGE图谱表明,在反应器运行的不同时期,微生物群落结构发生动态演替.在反应器稳定运行期间,筛选的异养硝化细菌wgy5,wgy21,好氧反硝化细菌d5和Pseudomonassp.的细菌是系统的优势菌群.Heterotrophic nitrifiers were screened from bio-ceramic reactor, and were characterized using sodium acetate and ammonium chloride as carbon and nitrogen sources. The results obtained were that COD removal rate reached over 45%, TN and NH4^＋-N removal rate reached over 60%, and also the nitrification function of producing NOX^--N was well. After domesticating activated sludge to enrich aerobic denitrifiers, 5 aerobic denitrifiers （f1, f2, f3, f5, f7） were isolated from it, and the removal of TN were 90.4 %, 91.2 %, 94.6 %, 95.6 %, 97 % by these strains, respectively. The process of removing ammoniac nitrogen was done by setting the heterotrophic nitrifying bacteria and aerobic denitrifiers on the sequencing batch reactor （SBR）. The PCR-DGGE profiles showed that shift of microbial diversity correspond to the effect of nitrate removal. During the SBR stable performance period, heterotrophicnitrobacteria wgy5, wgy21, aerobic denitrifiers d5 and Pseudomonas sp. were dominant bacteria in SBR.

关 键 词：PCR—DGGE 异养硝化细菌 好氧反硝化细菌 同步硝化反硝化 

分 类 号：TP273[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]