降膜蒸发多效回热吸收式太阳能海水淡化系统的实验研究  

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON AN ABSORPTION TYPE SOLAR DESALINATION SYSTEM WITH FALLING FILM EVAPORATION AND MULTI-EFFECTS REGENERATION

作　　者：李正良[1] 郑宏飞[1] 陈子乾[1] 何开岩[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学机械与车辆工程学院

出　　处：《太阳能学报》2007年第11期1188-1193,共6页Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50576004);广西科学基金项目(桂科基0639034)

摘　　要：基于降膜蒸发与降膜凝结机理,设计建造了一台具有四效回热性能的吸收式太阳能海水淡化系统,用电加热水箱模拟太阳能集热系统,对该系统进行了模拟实验。实验中,对系统的瞬态和稳态性能进行了测试,给出了系统在不同运行温度、压力下的产水速率和性能系数。实验结果表明,由于在本系统中采用了横管、竖管降膜蒸发及降膜凝结技术,使其中大部分的蒸汽潜热及部分盐水的显热得到了多次重复利用,并由于吸收工质对最末效蒸汽进行了主动吸收,回收了蒸汽的焓,从而强化了最后一效的蒸发过程,因而系统具有较高的性能系数。在供热水温度为80℃、系统内部压力为15kPa时,四效装置的性能系数可达到3.0左右,体现出吸收式系统的良好优势。对影响产水率的其他因素也作了探索与分析,给出了合理的取值范围。Based on the analysis of the mechanism of the falling film evaporation and the falling film condensation, a new absorption type solar desalination system with four effect regeneration was made. Experimental study on the performance of system was worked out using electric heater as solar collector. The transient and steady state performance of the system were measured. The fresh water yield rate and performance ratio under different temperatures and pressures were given. The results indicate that the unit has higher performance ratio because of the most latent heat of the vapour and the show heat of the water being utilized several times again based on the utilization of the horizontal falling film evaporation and condensation processes. The performance ratio of the unit can reach about 3.0, as the hot water temperature is about 80℃ and the inner pressure is lower than 15kPa.

关 键 词：太阳能海水淡化 降膜蒸发 吸收式 

分 类 号：TB611[一般工业技术—制冷工程]