豫东村级农业生态系统能流和养分循环特征  

Features of Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling of Agricultural Ecosystem in Village Level of East in Henan Province

作　　者：赵鹏[1] 马新明[2] 陈阜[1] 郭文英[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农业与生物技术学院,北京100094 [2]河南农业大学农学院,河南郑州450002 [3]河南省郑州市管城区农经委,河南郑州450004

出　　处：《农业现代化研究》2007年第6期746-748,共3页Research of Agricultural Modernization

基　　金：国家粮丰工程专项(河南省小麦玉米丰产潜力及平台构建)(2006BAD02A07-04)

摘　　要：以河南省虞城县范庙村农业生态系统为研究对象,分析了农田种植和养殖亚系统的能量输入输出、能量转化效率等能流特征和农田系统养分循环特征。结果表明:①在农田种植的能量输入中,有机能与无机能之比为1:1.29;在农田种植系统中,总光能利用率为0.74%,光和有效辐射能利用率为1.35%,人工辅助能与总输出能量之比为1:3.15,能量转化效率居于全国中上等水平。该村种植业已达到较高水平,其技术管理、机械化程度已接近现代农业的水平。②畜牧养殖系统的投产比为0.4:1,饲草料转化率为13.7%。畜牧业发展缓慢。③在农田生态系统内养分循环中,NPK三元素的输入比例为2.84:1:0.78,输出比例为2.4:1:1.85,N素处于盈余状态,P素基本平衡,K素处于严重亏缺状态。根据研究结果,提出了农业可持续发展的建议。Based on agricultural ecosystem of Fanmiao Village of Yucheng County in Henan Province,the paper has analysed the features of energy flow and nutrient cycling in the subsystems of farmland planting and breeding such as energy input and output and energy conversion efficiency,etc. Results indicate that： （1）The farmland planting subsystem in the village is a modem agricultural ecosystem. The ratio of the organic to inorganic is 1：1.29,the total solar energy efficiency is 0.74%,the effective utilization efficiency of light radiation is 1.35%. The supplementary energy to the total output energy ratio is 1： 1.35 ,and the energy conversion efficiency is in the middle and upper levels,and the developmental level of crop planting and mechanization in this village has approached the level of modem agriculture. （2）The stock raising subsystem develops slowly only with the input to output ratio of 0.4：1 ,and with forage grass conversion efficiency of 13.7%. （3）The nutrient cycling system of this farmland ecosystem,the ratio of NPK input is 2.48：1：0.78,and the output ratio of them approaches 4：1：1.85, which means that N element is in surplus,element is balanceable and K element is seriously deficient. Based on the findings, we bring forward some proposals to develop the sustainable agriculture.

关 键 词：村级 农业生态系统 能量流动 养分循环 

分 类 号：S158.3[农业科学—土壤学]