一种Gemini表面活性剂的制备与加脂性能研究  

Preparation and Fatliquoring Properties of a Gemini Surfactant

作　　者：张辉[1] 洪新球[1] 强西怀[1] 郭敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学资源与环境学院,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《中国皮革》2007年第23期8-11,共4页China Leather

基　　金：浙江赞成科技有限公司

摘　　要：采用分子设计原理,将马来酸酐(MA)先聚合为齐聚物,然后再与脂肪醇反应改性为一种Gemini型表面活性剂。聚合反应主要受溶剂种类的影响,在甲苯、DMF、DMF与丙酮混合溶液3种反应介质中进行MA聚合,DMF中聚合反应的转化率最高。在DMF中合成聚马来酸酐(PMA)的最佳反应条件是:反应温度110℃;反应时间4h;引发剂用量13%(以MA质量计);m(溶剂)∶m(MA)=2∶1。聚合产物与长链脂肪醇进行酯化反应可生成聚马来酸酐脂肪醇单酯(PMAM),并用氢氧化钠调节产物的pH值,最终形成的聚马来酸酐脂肪醇单酯钠盐(PMAMS)具有Gemini表面活性剂的结构特征。通过1H-NMR证明了有PMA的合成,利用红外光谱与GPC分析表征了PMA的结构,最后使用柔软度测定仪测定了产物的皮革加脂性能。According to the molecular design principle, Gemini type surfactant was prepared by following method ： maleic anhydride （MA） was polymerized to be homopolymer, then modificated with aliphatic alcohol. The polymerization process was mainly influenced by solvents. The conversion rate in Dimethylformamide（DMF） was the highest among Toluene, DMF and the mixture of DMF and acetone. The optimal polymerization condition of MA in DMF is as follows： temperature is 110℃ ; initiator, initiator is 13 % （ MA weight） ; m （solvent） ： m （MA） = 2： 1. The poly - maleic anhydride - aliphatic alcohol monoester （ PMAM ） was synthesized through esterification with homopolymer and aliphatic alcohols. Then the pH of PMAM was adjusted by sodium hydroxide to 7.0. The monoester sodium salt matches the structure feature of Gemini surfactant. The structure of PMA was analyzed by IR spectrum and GPC, and the fatliquoring property was measured by softness testing apparatus.

关 键 词：马来酸酐 聚马来酸酐 聚马来酸酐脂肪醇单酯 GEMINI表面活性剂 加脂剂 

分 类 号：TS529.4[轻工技术与工程—皮革化学与工程]