东海米氏凯伦藻水华中中华哲水蚤的选择性摄食  

THE SELECTIVE GRAZING OF CALANUS SINICUS DURING A KARENIA MIKIMOTOI BLOOM IN THE EAST CHINA SEA

作　　者：孙军[1] 宋书群[1] 徐兆礼[2] 王宗灵[3] 朱明远[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室,青岛266071 [2]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所农业部海洋与河口渔业重点开放实验室,上海200090 [3]国家海洋局第一海洋研究所,青岛266061

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2007年第6期536-541,共6页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重点方向项目;KZCX2-YW-213号;国家重点基础研究发展规划项目;2006CB400605号;2001CB409702号。

摘　　要：提要为评估中型浮游动物选择性摄食对有害藻华发展进程的影响,应用一种新的结合Frost直接摄食法和Landry稀释法的现场培养方法,于2005年4月27日—6月5日在东海有害藻华高发区的6个典型站位进行了中华哲水蚤(Calanus sinicus)对浮游植物和微型浮游动物摄食速率的研究。比较了中华哲水蚤对米氏凯伦藻(Karenia mikimotoi)和具齿原甲藻(Prorocentrum dentatum)摄食习性的差异,并评估了其摄食在水华进程中的作用。研究结果表明,中华哲水蚤对有害藻华物种存在摄食选择性和摄食速率的阈值。当自然水体中米氏凯伦藻细胞丰度达到157cells/ml和具齿原甲藻细胞丰度达到981 cells/ml时是中华哲水蚤由偏好趋于排斥摄食的阈值。当自然水体中米氏凯伦藻细胞丰度达到176 cells/ml时,中华哲水蚤对其停止摄食。米氏凯伦藻有害藻华发生区中华哲水蚤对具齿原甲藻的无选择性滤食以及对米氏凯伦藻的排斥摄食行为,影响水华进程,最终导致水华物种向米氏凯伦藻方向演替。To evaluate the effect of mesozooplankton selective grazing on the development of harmful algal blooms （HABs）, in specific, the grazing speed of Calanus sinicus on phytoplankton and microzooplankton, a study with in-situ feeding experiments was carried out at 6 representative stations from April 27^th to June 5^th 2005 in the area of high frequent HABs in the East China Sea, with which the Frost grazing experiment and Landry dilution experiment were combined. The specific grazing behaviors of C. sinicus on Karenia mikimotoi and Prorocentrum dentatum were compared; and the role of C. sinicus selective grazing on HAB-treatment was evaluated. The results show that the threshold values of selective grazing index and the speed of grazing on different HAB species were determined. In terms of cell abundance of natural population （NP）, if it reached 157 cells/ml for K. mikimotoi and 981 cells/ml for P. dentatum. C. sinicus would change food selectivity from preference to discrimination and stop grazing on K. mikimotoi when its NP cell abundance reached 176 cells/ml. At station where K mikimotoi bloomed, C. sinicus fed on P. dentatum none-selectively and on K. mikimotoi discriminatingly. This selective behaviors affected the species succession of HAB species, and finally leaded to K. mikimotoi blooming.

关 键 词：中华哲水蚤 浮游植物 选择性摄食 米氏凯伦藻 具齿原甲藻 东海 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]