儿童和青少年原发性夜遗尿症患病率现状和回顾性调查  

A retrospective epidemiological study on primary nocturnal enuresis in children

作　　者：文建国[1] 王庆伟[1] 文建军[2] 李源[1] 孟然[1] 吕玉涛[1] 裴宇[1] 王贵宪[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学第一附属医院小儿外科和尿动力学中心,450052 [2]郑州大学第一附属医院急救中心,450052

出　　处：《中华小儿外科杂志》2007年第11期583-586,共4页Chinese Journal of Pediatric Surgery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30571931);河南省杰出青年科学基金(02120001100);河南省杰出人才创新基金(0221002000);河南省高等学校创新人才培养工程(2002-2007)

摘　　要：目的对河南省儿童和青少年作原发性遗尿症(PNE)患病率调查,为儿童和青少年的保健与疾病防治提供参考依据。方法从2003年7月～2004年12月,随机选取河南省7个城市管辖区中小学的5～18岁儿童和青少年进行PNE流行病学调查。采用无记名调查问卷的方式。对目前无夜间尿床儿童,要求父母回忆其停止夜间尿床的年龄。结果实际发放调查问卷11 799份,回收10 383份,有效问卷10 088份,有效回收率为85.5%。现况调查5～18岁儿童PNE总体患病率为4.07%(95%可信区间3.68～4.46)。5岁患病率为11.83%(95%可信区间9.25～14.41),12岁降为1.72%(95%可信区间1.10～2.43),15岁时降为1.21%(95%可信区间11.50～1.96),以后稳定于1.0%左右。男性PNE患病率为4.57%(95%可信区间4.00～5.14),与女性3.56%(95%可信区间3.04～4.08)之间的差异有呈著性意义(P<0.05)。男女PNE患病率均具有随年龄的增加而显著降低趋势。回顾性调查5岁时PNE患病率为9.6%,10岁时为1.02%,以后各年龄段PNE降至1.0%以下。现状调查时男性、女性和总体PNE患病率均高于回顾性调查。结论回顾性调查和现状调查均显示5～7岁儿童仍有10%左右的儿童患有PNE,是影响儿童生活质量的主要疾病之一,应引起社会关注。Objective To assess the prevalence of primary nocturnal enuresis （PNE） of children in Henan Province,China,by cross- sectional and retrospective studies. Methods From July 2003 to Dec. 2004, an epiderniological survey on PNE was made by questionnaires to the parents of students aged 5~ 18 year in Henan Province, China. The questionnaire included cross-sectional and retrospective questions regarding PNE and age at bedwetting stopping. Results In a total 1 1799 questionnaires, 1 0383were in response （88%）. Of which, 1 0088（85. 5%） questionnaires qualified for the final statistical analysis. In the cross-sectional study, the overall prevalence of PNE was 4. 07% （95% CI 3.68 ~ 4. 46）, ranging from 11.83%（95%CI 9. 25 ~ 14. 41 ） in aged 5-year group to 1.21% （95 CI 0. 50~1.96） in 15-year group. The prevalence stabilized at approximately 1% after 15-year old. A marked decrease in the prevalence of NE was observed on the increase in age . The overall prevalence of boys of NE was significantly higher than that of girls. The retrospective study showed that the morbidity of PNE was 9. 6% in children aged five, 1.02% in children aged ten, and less than 1 ~ after ten. The prevalence of PNE in both boys and girls in cross-sectional study was higher than that in retrospective study. Conclusions There is diminutive fluctuation in the prevalence of children with PNE in different ages between cross-sectional and retrospective studies. About 10% of children between the age of 5 and 10-year still have nocturnal bed wetting. It is one of the factors influencing the quality of their life.

关 键 词：遗尿 流行病学 回顾性研究 

分 类 号：R726.9[医药卫生—儿科] R691[医药卫生—临床医学]