两极分化测度方法述评与中国居民收入两极分化  

A Review of Bi-polarization Measurement and Income Bi-polarization in China

作　　者：洪兴建[1] 李金昌[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江工商大学统计学院,邮政编码310018 [2]浙江工商大学

出　　处：《经济研究》2007年第11期139-153,共15页Economic Research Journal

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"居民收入分配失衡的测度方法研究"(项目批准号:07CTJ008)的阶段性研究成果;浙江省高校人文社科重点研究基地(浙江工商大学统计学)资助;国家统计局重大科研项目(2006B14)的资助

摘　　要：当前我国学术界对收入两极分化内涵的理解存有很大分歧,对中国是否发生了两极分化也有不同观点,但少有论述明确说明两极分化的本质内涵。收入两极分化的本质内涵是,一个初始收入分配比较均等的群体日益分裂成两个群体,并且群内差距越小、群间差距越大,群的规模越势均力敌,两极分化便越严重。因此两极分化是一个有别于收入不平等和贫富差距的概念,所有测度收入不平等的指标均不能有效测度两极分化。本文对收入两极分化的测度方法进行了述评,并运用几个主要测度指数实证分析了中国居民收入的两极分化。1990年、1995年、2000年和2005年四个主要年份的实证结果表明,中国城乡两极分化、城镇及农村内部的两极分化、沿海与内陆的两极分化以及行业两极分化大多呈现上升趋势。There are diverse opinions in academia about income bi-polarization. Though many scholars＇ views are from discussions of Marx and Deng Xiaoping, but they don＇t catch on them entirely and can＇t grasp the precise meaning of bi-polarization. The fundamental character of bi-polarization is that a uniform society breaks up into two groups, and bi-polarization is severer when the disparity within each group is smaller, the gap between the groups is bigger, or the size of the two groups is evener. So bipolarization is distinct from income inequality and the poorer-ricber gap, and every index of income inequality can＇t be applied to measuring bi-polarization. In the end, this paper summarizes the measurement of bi-polarization and studies income bi-polarization of China. The empirical results show that income bi-polarization is increasing, including urban-rural, within the urban and the rural, coastal-inland, inter-industry.

关 键 词：收入两极分化 内涵 测度方法 

分 类 号：F124.7[经济管理—世界经济]