城市生态交通系统综合评价方法及应用  

Comprehensive Assessment Model and Its Application for Urban Eco-Traffic System

作　　者：姜玉梅[1] 郭怀成[1] 黄凯[1] 郁亚娟[1] 刘永[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学环境学院,北京100871

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2007年第6期158-163,共6页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2005CB724205)

摘　　要：基于城市复合生态系统理论,采用驱动力-压力-状态-影响-反应(DPSIR)模型确定综合评价初始指标,利用主成分分析(PCA)法和离差最大化方法(MDM)分别对指标进行精选及赋权,引入生态综合指数(ECI)对系统进行综合量化评价,利用各方法解决不同阶段问题的优势,重新组合,构建城市生态交通系统综合评价模型算法.运用该模型对2000─2005年北京城市交通生态化水平进行综合评价.结果表明:北京市城市交通生态化水平逐年提高,但总体水平不高,ECI维持在0.8以下,处于生态化建设时期;区域经济状况、道路通达性、烟尘控制及城市绿化建设方面生态化水平较高,而大气环境综合控制、绿化带整合、道路建设及物流发展方面生态化水平较低,是制约北京城市交通生态建设的重要因素.Based on the theory of urban complex ecosystem, the Driver-Pressure-Status-Impact-Response （DPSIR） model was used to set up an initial comprehensive indicators system, the principle component analysis （PCA） method applied to select the indicators, the maximizing deviation method （MDM） used to determine their weights, and the ecological comprehensive index （ECI） method introduced to assess the comprehensive indicators system. This comprehensive assessment model was applied to assess the eco-traffic system of Beijing in from 2000 to 2005. The results show that the ecologization of Beijing＇s traffic has been improved gradually. However the ECIs still keep in a lower level, not higher than 0.8, and the traffic system is at the ecologization period. The ecologization level is high in regional economic condition, traffic accessibility, dust control and urban afforestation, but relatively low in air environmental integrated control, greening belt integration, road construction and logistics, which are important factors constraining the ecological construction of urban traffic in Beijing.

关 键 词：生态交通 DPSIR模型 主成分分析法 离差最大化方法 生态综合指数 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]