稻田保耕新三熟制对晚秋农田水分再分配的影响  

Effects of New Tillage-Conservation Three-Ripe Planting System on Moisture Redistribution of Late-Autumn Paddy Field

作　　者：谢红梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆工商大学环境与生物工程学院,重庆400067

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2007年第6期591-595,600,共6页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：四川省科技攻关计划项目(06JY028-32)

摘　　要：针对四川省传统稻麦（油）轮作存在的问题,试验采用保耕技术,探讨了增种晚秋“稻—菜—麦”与“稻—芋/油”新型模式对土壤水分含量的影响。结果表明：在时间变化上,各处理水分含量产生波动。与对应传统模式相比,稻田保耕“稻—菜—麦”模式0-10 cm土层水分含量增加,而“稻—芋/油”模式水分含量降低;2种模式均可显著提高10-20 cm土层水分含量;在20-30 cm与30-40 cm土层,“稻—菜—麦”模式土壤含水量在秋菜生长期表现为前高后低,“稻—芋/油”模式土壤水分含量均较对照高;各处理土壤水分在剖面分配总趋势为0-10 cm〉10-20 cm〉20-30 cm〉30-40 cm。“稻—菜—麦”与“稻—芋/油”模式土壤各层次间水分含量差异均比对照低,曲线变幅窄。相关性分析结果表明,“稻—芋/油”与“稻—菜—麦”模式土壤含水量受降雨影响较小。由此可见,稻田保耕增种晚秋新模式对土壤水分进行了合理再分配,大大提高了土壤“水库”的有效性。Considering the problems in conventional rice-wheat （rape） rotating system in Sichuan province, effects of Rice-Autumn Potato/Rape and Rice-Autumn vegetable-Wheat planting modes in lateautumn paddy field under tillage conservation experiment were studied. The results showed that soil moisture changed in wavelike shape with the time. Compared with corresponding conventional planting modes, soil moisture of Rice-Autumn Vegetable-Wheat and Rice-Autumn Potato/Rape increased and decreased respectively in 0-10 centimeter soil. Both new three-ripe systems had a positive effect on soil moisture in 10-20 centimeter soil. However, in 20-30 and 30-40 centimeter soil, during the period of autumn vegetable growth soil moisture of Rice-Autumn Vegetable-Wheat planting mode increased but some time later decreased. Soil moisture of Rice-Autumn Potato/Rape planting mode was always higher than the control. In the profile the total current of soil moisture behaved as ： 0-10 cm 〉 10-20 cm 〉 20-30 cm 〉 30-40 cm. Soil moisture differences of Rice-Autumn Potato/Rape and Rice-Autumn Vegetable-Wheat planting modes among their layers were not marked. There was little correlation between new three-ripe systems and rainfall. We can conclude that soil moisture was well distributed and validity of soil reservoir increased evidently by adding autumn vegetable planting. The new three-ripe systems are good measures for sustainable development of agriculture

关 键 词：保护性耕作 稻田 土壤水分 秋菜 时空分配 

分 类 号：S344.1[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]