鹤望兰叶片矿质营养特性及配方肥对其生长开花的影响  

Characteristics of Minerral Nutrition and Influence of Formula Fertilizer on the Growth and Blossoms of Strelitzia reginae

作　　者：黄敏玲[1] 叶秀仙[1] 陈诗林[2] 吴建设[1] 林兵[1] 陈源泉[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院花卉研究中心,福州350013 [2]福建省农业科学院生物技术研究所,福州350003

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2007年第6期652-655,共4页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：福建省科技重点项目(2003N047)

摘　　要：以不同株龄的鹤望兰为试材,研究了植株叶片中矿质元素的吸收特性及配方肥对鹤望兰生长开花的影响。结果表明：二、三、四、七、十年生不同株龄的鹤望兰叶片K的含量最高,为23.07-31.81 g/kg,是N的1.22-1.73倍,P的11.25-19.64倍;四年生、七年生处于开花状态的植株叶片P含量为2.05-2.13 g/kg,比二年生、三年生处于营养生长的植株叶片高出30.6%;微量元素B、Fe三年生植株叶片中含量最高,其B的含量比四年生高71.9%,四年生未开花植株叶片B的含量比已开花植株叶片高51.3%;四年生植株叶片Zn的含量比三年生叶片高110%,四年生已开花植株叶片比未开花植株叶片增加98.3%。上述结果表明,鹤望兰是喜K作物,开花对P、Zn元素、营养生长对B、Fe有较高需求。N、P、K（1∶0.5∶1.5）加微量元素Fe、Zn、B组成的配方肥对鹤望兰生长开花有显著的促进作用,其植株分蘖数、花枝数、花枝长度、小花数分别比对照提高2.7株/丛0、.36枝/株、19.6 cm、2.8朵。The absorption characteristics of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn and B nutritive elements to the 2- 10 plant-age leaf blades and the identical plant-age blossoms and the no-blossom leaf blades of Strelitzia reg/nae, and the influence of formula fertilizer on the growth and blossoms were studied. The results showed that among the nutritive element content sizes of 2-10 different plant-age leaf blades, K content was the highest. It was 23.07-31.81 g/kg, 1.22-1.73 times of N and 11.25-19.64 times of P. P content of the 4-7 plant-age blossoms leaf blade was 2.05-2.13 g/kg, 30.6% higher than that of the 2-3 plant-age no-blossoms. The content of microelement Fe, B of 3 plant-age leaf blade was the highest. The 3 plant-age leaf blade＇s B content enhanced by 71.9% compared to the 4 plant-age leaf blade, and the 4 plant-age no-blossom leaf blade＇s B content enhanced by 51.3% compared to the identical plant- age blossoms. The 4 age leaf blade＇s Zn content enhanced by 110% compared to the 3 age leaf blade, 4 plant-age blossoms leaf blade＇s Zn content enhanced by 98.3% compared to the identical plant-age noblossoms. S. reginae was a crop fond of K, its blossoms required higher P and Fe and nutritive growth re- quired higher B and Zn. The formula fertilizer of N, P, K （ 1 ： 0.5 ： 1.5） add Fe, Zn, B had remarkable promoter action to the growing blossoms of S. reginae.

关 键 词：鹤望兰 叶片 营养元素 配方肥 

分 类 号：S682.1[农业科学—观赏园艺]