乔姆斯基语言学哲学思想解读  

An interpretation of Chomsky's linguistic philosophy

作　　者：程芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学,北京外国语大学224信箱100089

出　　处：《现代外语》2007年第4期359-367,共9页Modern Foreign Languages

摘　　要：生成语法的哲学基础包括心灵主义、自然主义、内在主义、个人主义和"最佳理论"。心灵主义指的是,用计算-表征论去研究人类的语言知识;自然主义是指,用研究自然科学的方法来研究语言与思维;内在主义强调研究人脑内部的抽象表征;而个人主义是指,所研究的大脑内部状态是个体性的而非集体性的。乔姆斯基认为,普遍语法和个别语法是存在于世界的真实物体;但他对描述二者的理论术语和论断的实在性,采取"最佳理论"研究态度。This paper discusses the philosophical foundation of generative grammar in terms of mentalism, naturalism, internalism, individualism and 'best theory'. Mentalism means that human knowledge of language can be studied via computation and representation. Naturalism suggests that we can study language and mind using the same method as that in natural sciences. Internalism emphasizes the study of abstract representations inside the human brain. Individualism implies that the internal states of the brain being studied are characteristic of the individual. Chomsky takes universal grammar and particular grammars as real objects in the world. The objectiveness of theoretical terms and assertions that are used to describe the two types of grammar can be accounted for by what he terms as the 'best theory', an approach to developing a theory with the 'best' explanatory power.

关 键 词：Chomsky(乔姆斯基) 语言学哲学 自然主义 内在主义 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]