茶树施用控释氮肥的产量和品质效应  

Effects of Slow Releasing Urea on Yield and Quality of Tea

作　　者：韩文炎[1] 马立锋[1] 石元值[1] 阮建云[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院茶叶研究所农业部茶叶化学工程重点实验室,浙江杭州310008

出　　处：《土壤通报》2007年第6期1145-1149,共5页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：浙江省重点科技计划项目(2003C22016);国家科技攻关项目(2001BA502B02)

摘　　要：采用盆栽和大田试验,研究了控释氮肥对茶树生长发育、茶叶产量和品质的影响。结果表明,控释氮肥能明显促进茶树的生长发育,茶树新梢数、百芽重、成熟叶片数量及叶绿素含量、树高和主杆直径等均有明显提高,从而使盆栽茶树根、茎和叶各部位的生物产量比施普通尿素分别提高了58.3%、36.9%和17.2%。10个大田试验的茶叶产量增加了4.2%￣24.1%,平均9.6%。茶叶品质成分氨基酸、咖啡碱和水浸出物含量有不同程度提高,其中氨基酸增幅明显,但对茶多酚含量的影响不大,茶叶酚氨比明显降低。可见,控释氮肥具有明显的增产提质效果。Pot experiments and 10 field trials were conducted to study the effects of slow releaseing urea on the growth and development of tea plant,and the yield and quality of tea.The results showed that slow release urea developed by Tea Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences could obviously increase the number and weight of shoots,number of mature leaves and chlorophyll content,the diameter and height of tea trunk,resulted in significantly increasing in biomass of tea plants.The biomass of tea leaves,stems and roots in the pot experiment were increased by 58.3%,36.9% and 17.2%,respectively.The yield in the field trials was increased from 4.2% to 24.1% with the average of 9.6%.The tea quality components including free amino acids,caffeine and water extracting solids increased to some extent in tea shoots.The most obvious increase was found in free amino acids.However,the tea polyphenols had no much change,resulted in a decrease in a ratio of tea polyphenols to amino acids,which is beneficial to the quality of green tea.

关 键 词：茶树 控释氮肥 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S147.5[农业科学—肥料学]