吸虱昆虫群落数量分类及其与小兽宿主的协同进化关系  

Numerical classification of communities of sucking lice and their coevolutionary relationship with small mammal hosts in Yunnan, China

作　　者：孟艳芬[1] 郭宪国[1] 门兴元[2] 吴滇[1] 

机构地区：[1]大理学院病原与媒介生物研究所,云南大理671000 [2]山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所,济南250100

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2007年第11期1140-1145,共6页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30460125;30060078);云南省自然科学基金项目(2004C0049M)

摘　　要：以云南省16种主要小兽宿主体表吸虱群落为分类单元,以基于共54个群落特征变量的各群落优势虱种的相对优势度Dr、染虱率RL、虱指数IL、总染虱率RLT和总虱指数ILT及各群落的结构参数(平均丰富度-S、平均均匀度J-′、平均多样性指数H-′及平均优势度指数C-′)来探讨云南省吸虱昆虫与其宿主协同进化的关系。运用SPSS12.0统计软件中的系统聚类分析,对16种主要小兽宿主体表吸虱群落进行数量分析。结果将16种小兽宿主体表吸虱群落分为8个类群。隶属同一个属的小兽,其体表吸虱群落相似程度高,在系统聚类分析中聚为一类;大多数吸虱群落相似性大小与相应小兽宿主在动物分类上的近缘性高低呈高度一致。结果提示:吸虱昆虫与其所寄生的小兽宿主存在同步进化的关系,特定的小兽宿主,其体表吸虱群落的构成比较稳定,宿主动物的近缘关系越近,其体表吸虱群落的相似性越高,这是吸虱昆虫与小兽宿主协同进化的一个重要生态学证据。The aim was to study the coevolutionary relationship of sucking lice and their small mammal hosts by numerical taxonomy. Based on hierarchical clustering analysis on SPSS 12.0, the numerical taxonomy of 16 important communities of sucking lice was carried on. Total 54 variables were measured for the 16 communities. Based on these data, the relative dominant rate （ Dr ）, louse infection rate （ RL ）, louse index （ IL ）, total louse infection rate （ RLT ）, total louse index （ ILT ） of dominant species of sucking lice and the average index of community structure （ S^-, J^-′, H^-′, C^-′ ） of every sucking lice community were calculated. The 16 communities of sucking lice were divided into 8 groups in the dendrogram of hierarchical clustering analysis. The sucking louse communities on the same genus of small mammal hosts showed a high similarity and were clustered into the same group. The clustering tendency was concordant with the taxonomic classification of the corresponding small mammal hosts on which the sucking lice exist. When the small mammal hosts were very close in the zoological taxonomy, the communities of sucking lice on their body surface tend to be similar. The results indicated that there would be a synchronized evolutionary relationship between sucking lice and their small mammal hosts. A stable parasitism of sucking lice has been established on the body surface of small mammals. The results suggested that a coevolutionary relationship may link sucking lice and their small hosts together.

关 键 词：吸虱 群落 数量分类 生态学 协同进化 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]