水稻籽粒多胺浓度与米质的关系  

Relationship between Concentrations of Polyamines in Filling Grains and Rice Quality

作　　者：王志琴[1] 张耗[1] 王学明[1] 张自常[1] 杨建昌[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《作物学报》2007年第12期1922-1927,共6页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30671225);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK2006069)

摘　　要：采用12个不同基因型的水稻材料,测定了结实期籽粒中腐胺(Put)、亚精胺(Spd)和精胺(Spm)浓度和稻米品质,分析了它们之间的关系并用化学调控的方法进行了验证。结果表明,加工品质和外观品质较好的品种,结实期籽粒Spd和Spm浓度较高,Put浓度较低。灌浆各期籽粒Spd和Spm浓度与谷粒充实率、粒重、出糙率和出精率均呈显著或极显著正相关,与垩白度呈极显著负相关,灌浆各期籽粒Put浓度与谷粒充实率、粒重、出糙率和出精率均呈显著或极显著负相关,与垩白度呈显著或极显著正相关,灌浆各期籽粒Spd、Spm和Put浓度与稻米的整精米率及直链淀粉含量的相关均不显著。灌浆初期对稻穗喷施Spd和Spm,籽粒最大胚乳细胞数增加,蔗糖合成酶(SuS)、ADP葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶(AGP)和可溶性淀粉合成酶(SSS)活性增强,稻米的加工品质和外观品质改善,喷施Put或多胺合成抑制剂(MGBG)的效果则相反。说明通过品种选育和化学调控等途径增加籽粒Spd和Spm浓度或降低Put浓度,可以在一定程度上改善稻米的加工品质和外观品质。Polyamines have been frequently described as endogenous plant growth regulators or intracellular messengers mediating physiological processes. This study investigated whether polyamines are related with the grain quality of flee. Twelve rice genotypes were grown in the field, and used to determine the concentrations of putrescine （Put）, spermidine （Spd）, and spermine （Spm） in the grains during the grain filling period. The relationship between polyamine concentrations and rice quality were analyzed, and chemical regulators were applied to verify the roles of polyamines in regulating rice quality. The results showed that a genotype with better milling and appearance qualities had higher concentrations of Spd and Spm, and lower put concentrations, in grains during the filling period. Concentrations of Spd and Spm in the grains were significantly or very significantly and positively correlated with grain plumpness, grain weight, brown flee, and milled flee, and negatively correlated with chalkiness. Concentrations of Put were significantly or very significantly and negatively correlated with grain plumpness, grain weight, brown flee, and milled flee, whereas positively correlated with chalkiness. Neither of Put nor Spd and Spm was significantly correlated with head rice and amylose content. Application of Spd or Spm to panicle at the early grain filling stage significantly increased the maximum endosperm cell number and activities of sucrose synthetase （SuS）, adenine diphosphoglucose pyrophosphorylase （AGP）, and soluble starch synthetase （SSS） in grains, and improved the milling and appearance qualities. Application of Put or methylglyoxal -bis （guanylhydrazone） （MGBG, an inhibitor of S-adenosyl-L-methionine decarboxylase） exhibited an opposite effect. The results suggested that the milling and appearance qualities would be improved to a certain degree by increasing Spd and Spm, or reducing Put, concentrations in the filling grains through variety breeding or application of chemical r

关 键 词：水稻 多胺 加工品质 外观品质 谷粒充实率 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]