九种外生菌根菌与杨树苗木的菌根化研究  

Research on Mycorrhizal Formation of Nine Ectomycorrhizal Fungi with Poplar Seedlings

作　　者：马磊[1] 吴小芹[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学森林资源与环境学院,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》2007年第6期29-33,共5页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30571471);江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK2004217)

摘　　要：用9种外生菌根菌对4种杨树苗木进行了菌根化试验,比较了各外生菌根菌与不同杨树形成菌根的能力以及不同接菌方法下的菌根感染率,并探讨了外生菌根菌对杨树苗木生长的影响。结果表明:红绒盖牛肝菌(Xc)、美味牛肝菌(Be)、彩色豆马勃(Pt)和紫金蜡蘑(La)均能与杨树苗木较好地形成菌根,Xc在4种杨树苗上的菌根形成能力强于其他菌根菌,Be在I-69杨上形成菌根能力较强,Pt和La则形成能力较弱;褐环乳牛肝菌(Sl)、褐疣柄牛肝菌(Ls)、华美牛肝菌(Bs)、头状秃马勃(Cc)和黄须腹(Rl)在灭菌基质上不易与杨树形成外生菌根,但在自然土中却可形成;通过打孔接菌的方法,苗木菌根化率要比移栽时施底肥接菌和蘸根法接菌时高,其操作也更简便、省工;小叶杨可与大多数供试菌根菌形成菌根,I-72和NL-351杨则与Pt的亲和度最高,I-69杨与Xc菌的亲和度最高。研究显示,与I-69杨、I-72杨和NL-351杨最适的外生菌根菌分别为Be、Xc和Pt;与小叶杨最适的外生菌根菌为Xc和Be;这些菌根菌对苗木的促生效果显著。Poplar is an important forest specie. By inoculating ectomycorrhizal fungi into the roots of poplar seedlings,the effects of nine ectomycorrhizal fungi on the growth of four poplars and mycorrhiza infection rates by different inoculation methods was studied. The results indicated that ECM fungi Xrocornus ctlrysentero （Xc） , Boletus edulis （Be）, Pisolittlus tinctorius （Pt） and Laccaria aernttlystea （La） could form mycorrhiza significantly on four poplars. Xc had the best capacity of mycorrhizal colonization among the four poplars. RI could form mycorrhiza significantly on poplar I - 69. The ability of Pt and La to form mycorrhiza was worse than that of Xc and Be. Scleroderrna luteus （SI） ,Leccinurn scabrurn （Ls）, Boletus speciosus （Bs） ,Calvatia craniiforrnis （Cc） and Rhizopogen luteous （R1） could not easily colonize poplar roots on sterilized soil, but they could form mycorrhiza on non-sterilized soil. Mycorrhizal infection with drilling method was higher than that with transplantation method and dipping root method. Populus sirnonii Cart could form mycorrhiza with majority of nine mycorrhizal fungi. Poplar I - 72 and Poplar NL - 351 had the highest compatibility with Pt. Poplar I - 69 showed the highest compatibility with Xc. The study suggested that the optimal ECM fungi for poplar I- 69, poplar I- 72 and poplar NL- 351were Be, Xc and Pt respectively. For Populus sirnonii Carr. , they were Xc and Be. With inoculating the ectomycorrhizal fungi, growth of the poplar could be stimulated significantly.

关 键 词：杨树 外生菌根菌 菌根化 菌根形态 

分 类 号：S718.81[农业科学—林学]