氧硫化碳对果蔬、花卉熏蒸处理的研究  

A Study of Carbonyl Sulfide(COS) Fumigation on Fruits,Vegetables and Horticultural Plants

作　　者：黄庆林[1] 蒋小龙[2] 杜宇[2] 刘永胜[1] 楼旭日[1] 陈云勇[2] 

机构地区：[1]天津出入境检验检疫局,天津300457 [2]云南出入境检验检疫局,云南昆明650228

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》2007年第6期61-64,共4页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家质检总局科研项目(2005IK056)

摘　　要：采用不同剂量的氧硫化碳(COS)对蔬菜和花卉的有害生物进行了熏蒸处理,结果表明,COS对供试的13种害虫均有杀虫效果,熏蒸效果随COS浓度和处理时间的增加而提高,但对2种线虫无熏蒸效果。在(20±1)℃或25℃条件下,剂量为40 g/m3的COS熏蒸2 h能有效杀死蔬菜和花卉中的害虫,但在该剂量和时间处理下不能有效杀灭土壤中的线虫。COS熏蒸处理对水果、蔬菜、鲜切花、百合种球和盆栽观赏植物影响的研究表明:用剂量为40 g/m3的COS熏蒸2 h后,COS对水果、蔬菜不产生药害,对果蔬外观和品质无影响;对植物的花朵无药害,但对植物叶片,特别是兰科、凤梨科等多肉质植物有较大药害,处理后的植物叶片出现脱水现象。The toxicities of carbonyl sulfide （COS） for some pests of vegetables and horticulture at different dosage and exposure time were investigated. The results showed that COS had effect on killing 13 tested species of vegetable and horticultural pests, and but no effect on two species of nematodes. The mortality of insects increased with the increase of the dosage and exposure time of COS. At the condition of （20±1）℃ or 25℃, COS with the dosage of 40 g/m^3 for an exposure time of 2 h can completely kill these pests, but there were no effect on the nematodes in soil. The results of COS effects on fruits, vegetables, cut flowers, lily bulbs and potted ornamental plants showed that there were no phytotoxic effects of COS on fruits and vegetables under the condition of COS with the dosage of 40 g/m^3 and for an exposure time of 2 h. The COS fumigation has no damage to flowers, but there were serious damages to leaves, especially to plant of Orchidaceae and Bromeliaceae. The fumigation causes symptoms of dried-up, necrosis on the leaves or loss the value of ornamental.

关 键 词：氧硫化碳(COS) 水果 蔬菜 切花 盆栽观赏植物 熏蒸 有害生物 

分 类 号：S436[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]