安全成本与国际贸易竞争力关系的经济学分析  

Economics Analysis on the Relations between Safety Cost and International Trade Competition Ability

作　　者：刘伟[1] 陈晓红[1] 

机构地区：[1]华北科技学院管理系

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2007年第9期34-38,共5页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：国家安全生产监督总局安全生产科技发展计划(02-294)

摘　　要：分析了职业安全卫生标准一体化和劳工标准对国际贸易产生的现实影响,运用经济学的基本理论对安全保护成本与国际贸易竞争力之间的关系进行深入探讨;推理得出国际贸易中小国的安全保护成本对其国际贸易竞争力影响较大,而大国的影响则较小,如果大国某一出口产品需求价格弹性小于1,其增加安全成本总收入反而增加的结论,因此,大国有增加安全投资的积极性。笔者提出发展中国家应从自身经济、政治利益实际出发,反对不切实际的提高劳工标准,并提出中国的出口企业应该适应目标市场绿色安全生产的发展趋势,实现本质安全型生产。This paper analyzes the actual influences of the Harmonization of Safety and Health Standards （HSHS） and Labor Standard on the international trade, and discusses the relations between the safety protect cost and international trade competition ability by applying the basic theories of economics. It is concluded that the influence of safety protect cost of small countries in international trade on their international trade competition ability is great, but the influence of safety protect cost of big countries on their interna- tional trade competition ability is minor. If the price flexibility of some export product in big countries is less than 1, the export gross earnings will rise on the contrary with the increasing of safety cost. Therefore, big countries are more positive to increase safety invest. Finally, it is suggested that the developing coun- tries should oppose the impractical exaltation of labor standards based on careful consideration of self economic and political benefits, and that Chinese export enterprises should adapt to the trend of green safety production in target market and realize intrinsic safety in work safety.

关 键 词：安全保护成本 贸易竞争力 劳工标准 生产者剩余 启示 

分 类 号：X915.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学]