不同类型玉米产量及子粒营养组分含量的种植密度效应  

Effects of Planting Density on Yield and Grain Nutrition Components Content Among Different Types of Maize Hybrids

作　　者：马兴林[1] 王庆祥[2] 李永清[1] 盛耀辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081 [2]沈阳农业大学,沈阳110161

出　　处：《玉米科学》2007年第6期63-70,共8页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：国家粮食丰产科技工程课题"东北平原中部(吉林)春玉米丰产高效技术集成研究与示范"(2006BAD02A10)

摘　　要：2004～2005年以吉单209(普通玉米品种)、吉油199(高油玉米品种)和郑单958(高淀粉玉米品种)为试验材料,研究了种植密度对不同类型玉米产量及子粒淀粉、蛋白质和油分含量的影响。结果表明:①供试3个(类)品种的群体产量相比较,以高淀粉品种郑单958最高,最高产量接近12000kg/hm2,其次为普通玉米品种吉单209,高油品种吉油199产量最低。通径分析结果显示,群体粒数均是各类品种产量的主要贡献因子,百粒重对产量的直接效应均小。②随种植密度增加,各类品种的子粒淀粉、蛋白质、油分含量均呈现出复杂的增减变化趋势,且品种间表现不同,无规律性。种植密度对子粒淀粉、蛋白质和油分含量的影响程度不同,各类玉米品种均表现为子粒蛋白质含量变化受种植密度的影响最大,对密度变化的反应最敏感;淀粉含量次之;油分含量一般不易受密度变化的影响,表现相当稳定。Effects of planting density on yield and grain starch, protein, oil concentration among different types of maize hybrids were studied, using three types of maize hybrids, Jidan 209 as conventional hybrid, Jiyou 199 as high oil maize, and Zhengdan 958 as high starch maize under field conditions rduring 2004 - 2005. The main results were as follows： ①Yield comparison results indicated that the high starch hybrid Zhengdan 958 had the highest yield of 12 000 kg/ha, the next was the conventional hybrid Jidan 209, and the yield of the high oil hybrid Jiyou 199 was the lowest. Path analysis results showed that grain numbers at population level was the main contribution factor to yield, while 100-grain weight was the least contributor in all the test hybrids. Therefore, it is most important to harmonize the relationship between ear numbers and grains per ear in populations in order to significantly increasing grain numbers at population level and finally high yield for all the types of maize. ② Effects of plant population on grain starch, protein, and oil concentration were complicated and it was difficult to obtain a definite conclusion. Different effects of plant population on grain starch, protein and oil concentration could be found. For all of the tested hybrids, the grain protein concentration was the most affected and sensitive to plant population, the next was the starch concentration, while the oil concentration was not affected too much and stable.

关 键 词：玉米 产量 子粒营养组分含量 

分 类 号：S513.04[农业科学—作物学]