超临界和超超临界空冷汽轮机的技术方案及设计准则  

Technical Versions and Criteria Concerning the Design of Air Cooled Supercritical and Ultra-Supercritical Steam Turbines

作　　者：史进渊[1] 杨宇[1] 孙庆[1] 危奇[1] 邓志成[1] 张兆鹤[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海发电设备成套设计研究院,上海200240

出　　处：《动力工程》2007年第6期825-830,855,共7页Power Engineering

基　　金：国家高技术发展计划(863计划)资助项目(2007AA04Z429)

摘　　要：分析了我国不同地区发展煤电面临的缺煤与缺水问题,提出了我国大型高效节水型煤电装备的发展趋势是研制超临界和超超临界空冷汽轮机。介绍了超临界和超超临界空冷汽轮机的技术方案与关键技术,给出了超临界和超超临界空冷汽轮机的高温部件强度设计准则、关键部件寿命设计准则、轴系动特性设计准则、专用末级叶片振动设计准则和专用低压缸刚度设计准则。分析了超临界和超超临界空冷煤电装备的节煤效果、减排效果、节水效果与新增投资回收期。结果表明,发展和研制超临界与超超临界空冷机组,技术方案可行,经济效益与社会效益显著。Problems, which the development of coal fired power generating equipment for various parts of our country neither rich in coal nor in water resources, is facing are being analyzed and the opinion voiced that air cooled supercritical and ultra-supercritical steam turbines embody the development tendency of water saving power generating equipment of large capacity and high efficiency. Technical versions of air cooled supercritical and uhra-supercritical steam turbines are presented, with an explanation of key technologies concerned. Criteria for the design of high temperature components, for life expectancy design of critical components, for vibration design of rotor systems, are presented, together with criteria specially to be used for last stage blades＇ vibration design and for exhaust cylinders＇ stiffness design. Moreover, the effectiveness, of air cooled supercritical and hyper-supercritical coal fired power generating equipment in coal saving, pollution restriction, and water saving is analyzed, together with a discussion on the retrieval period of investment for added equipment. Analytical study results indicate, that the technical versions of developing air cooled supercritical and hyper-supercritical power generating sets, including their air cooled steam turbines, are feasible, and their economic as well as social benefits notable.

关 键 词：能源与动力工程 电站设备 超临界空冷汽轮机 超超临界空冷汽轮机 技术方案 设计准则 经济效益 

分 类 号：TK262[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]