沙质农田表层土壤水分扩散率测定及氯化钴试纸的应用研究  

Measurement of Soil Water Diffusivity of Surface Soil from Sandy Croplands and Application Study of Cobalt Chloride Test Paper

作　　者：刘新平[1] 赵哈林[1] 何玉惠[1] 张铜会[1] 岳广阳[1] 赵玮[1] 单丽 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所奈曼沙漠化研究站 [2]辽宁省水文水资源勘测局,辽宁沈阳110003

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2007年第6期147-150,共4页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：中科院寒旱所创新项目(0650444001);国家科技支撑计划课题(2006BAC01A12);中科院方向性项目(KZCX2-YW-431)

摘　　要：非饱和土壤水分扩散率是研究土壤水分运动规律必不可少的基本参数之一。本文应用水平土柱入渗法测定了科尔沁沙地沙质农田表层土壤的非饱和水分扩散率,并对氯化钴试纸在测定水分扩散率中的应用作了初步尝试和研究。主要结论如下:沙质农田表层土壤湿润锋迁移速率随着入渗距离的增大而减小,呈幂函数关系;波尔兹曼参数与土壤含水量呈直线关系;土壤水分扩散率与土壤含水量之间的关系,符合经验公式并呈指数函数变化。在应用水平土柱法测定非饱和土壤水分扩散率的过程中,氯化钴试纸法可以用于测定湿润锋的位置,特别是在高土壤含水量时,相比目视法而言更能显示其优势,在一定程度上可以提高测定结果的可靠性。Unsaturated soil water diffusivity is a necessarily basal parameter to study soil water movement laws and quantificationally analyze soil water movement with method of mathematical simulation.In this paper,we measured the unsaturated soil water diffusivity of sandy croplands topsoil in Horqin sandy land with the infiltration method of horizontal soil column,moreover,application of Cobalt Chloride Test Paper in measuring soil water diffusivity were made a primary attempt and study.The results showed that the rate of wetting front advancement of sandy cropland topsoil gradually decreased with increase of infiltration distance,the relationship met a rule of power function;Boltzmann parameter and soil water content was fitted as a line function;soil water diffusivity and soil water content met a rule of exponential curve and conformed to the empirical equation.The method of Cobalt Chloride Test Paper could use to measure position of wetting front in period of measuring unsaturated soil water diffusivity with horizontal soil column,the method could show its advantage even more,especially in high soil water content,and it might be improve reliability of D（θ） values in a way.

关 键 词：氯化钴试纸法 目视法 湿润锋 土壤水分扩散率 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]