安徽省宁国市有螺无病地区钉螺对日本血吸虫易感性的研究  

Susceptibility of Oncomelania snails from snail-existent non-endemic areas of schistosomiasis to Schistosoma japonicum miracidia in Ningguo City,Anhui province

作　　者：操治国[1] 汪天平[1] 吴维铎[1] 王恩木[1] 章乐生[1] 朱磊[1] 汪峰峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省血吸虫病防治研究所,芜湖市241000

出　　处：《热带病与寄生虫学》2007年第3期147-149,152,共4页Journal of Tropical Diseases and Parasitology

基　　金：安徽省自然科学研究基金(No.070413108);安徽省血防科研基金(No.20060105009)

摘　　要：目的研究安徽省有钉螺无血吸虫病流行地区(简称"有螺无病地区")钉螺对日本血吸虫的易感性,为制定该类地区血吸虫病防治策略提供依据。方法采集宁国市有螺无病地区钉螺400只,随机分为2组,每组200只,以本省日本血吸虫毛蚴在实验室内进行钉螺群体感染,两组钉螺与毛蚴比例分别为1∶20和1∶40,感染时间为4小时,感染时的温度为24～28℃。以同样方法感染该省血吸虫病流行区宣城市有螺有病地区钉螺作为对照。感染后将钉螺置于室内常温下饲养60天,观察有螺无病地区和有螺有病地区钉螺感染率和死亡情况。结果在1∶20(钉螺/毛蚴)组和1∶40(钉螺/毛蚴)组中,有螺无病地区钉螺均未能成功感染日本血吸虫毛蚴,而有螺有病区钉螺感染率分别为5.89%(2/51)和16.67%(7/42),且两组中有螺有病区钉螺感染率的差异具有统计学意义(χ2=4.15,P<0.05)。观察期结束时,在1∶20(钉螺/毛蚴)组中,有螺无病地区钉螺与有螺有病地区钉螺死亡率分别为77%(154/200)和74.5%(149/200),两地钉螺死亡率无显著性差异(χ2=0.661,P>0.05);在1∶40(钉螺/毛蚴)组中,两地钉螺死亡率分别为81%(162/200)和78%(156/200),死亡率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.507,P>0.05)。结论尽管本研究中有螺无病地区钉螺未能成功感染日本血吸虫毛蚴,但今后仍需加强有螺无病地区输入性血吸虫病传染源的监测工作。Objective To observe the susceptibility of Oncomelania snails from SENEAS to S. japonicum miracidia in Anhui province, and to provide scientific evidences for modification of control strategies. Methods Four hundreds Oncomelania snails collected from SENEAS in Ningguo City were randomly divided into two groups, each group contained 200 Oncomelania snails. The two-group snails exposed to S. japonicum miracidia from endemic areas in Xuancheng City, the ratio of snail to miracidia in two groups was 1：20 and 1：40, respectively. The exposure time was 4h, and room temperature, 24-28℃. The same exposure methods were used to Oncomelania snails collected from endemic areas in Xuancheng City. Both snails from SENEAS and endemic areas were bred in the laboratory at room temperature for sixty days, and snail mortality rate and infection rate were observed by routine methods. Results Oncomelania snails from SENEAS were not successfully infected by S.japonicum miracidia in both groupl：20（miracidia/snail） and group 1：40 （miracidia/snail）, and the infection rate of Oncomelania snails from SENEAS in two groups was zero. In group 1：20（miracidia/snail） and group 1：40（miracidia/snail）, the infection rate of Oncomelania snails from endemic areas was 5.89%（2/51） and 16.67%（7/42）, respectively, and there was a significant difference in infection rate of Oncomelania snails between two groups（χ^2= 4.15, P〈0.05）. By the end of the observation, in group 1：20 （mlracidia/snail）, the mortality rate of Oncomelania snails from SENEAS and endemic areas was 77%（154/200） and 74.5%（149/200）, respectively, but there was no significant difference in mortality rate of Oncomelania snails between SENEAS and endemic areas（χ^2= 0.661, P〉0.05）. In group 1：40（miracidia/snail）, the mortality rate of Oncomelania snails from SENEAS and endemic areas was 81%（162/200）and 78%（156/200）, respectively, but the mortality rate difference of the Oncomelania snails was no statistical signifi

关 键 词：有螺无病地区 钉螺 日本血吸虫 易感性 

分 类 号：R532.21[医药卫生—内科学]