贵州紫烟洞和莲花洞动物群落结构及环境因子的影响  

Animal community structure and its relations with environmental factors in Lianhua and Ziyan caves of Guizhou Province

作　　者：苏晓梅[1] 黎道洪[1] 杨卫诚[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学地理与生物科学学院,贵阳550001

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2007年第12期1981-1987,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30560024);贵州省省长基金项目(黔科教办[2005]14号);贵州省教育厅自然科学基金资助项目(黔教科2006205)

摘　　要：2006年7月对贵州省织金县紫烟洞和莲花洞内肉眼可见的软体动物、节肢动物和脊索动物进行了观察和标本的采集,紫烟洞共获标本661个,隶属3门5纲32科68种或类群。莲花洞共获标本265个,隶属3门5纲18科25种或类群。根据2洞内各光带中动物种类组成和数量不同,将其划分为6个动物群落:紫烟洞有光带(ZY1)、紫烟洞弱光带(ZY2)、紫烟洞黑暗带(ZY3)、莲花洞有光带(LH1)、莲花洞弱光带(LH2)和莲花洞黑暗带(LH3)。群落多样性分析表明,丰富度、多样性、最大多样性、均匀度、优势度指数最高的群落分别是ZY1、ZY1、ZY1、LH1、ZY1。通过主成分分析,研究了环境因子对2洞穴内动物群落结构的影响,结果表明,影响程度由大到小依次为土壤中Ca含量、温度、湿度、N2、O2、水中Ca含量、CO2、pH值和土壤中有机质含量。其中湿度和CO2为负影响。The macroscopic mollusk, arthropod and chordate in the Ziyan and Lianhua caves of Zhijin County, Guizhou Province were collected in July, 2006. A total of 661 samples from Ziyan cave were subordinated to 68 species or groups, 32 families, 5 classes and 3 phyla, and 265 samples from Lianhua cave belonged to 25 species or groups, 18 families, 5 classes and 3 phyla. The animals in different light belts of the two caves could be divided into 6 communities, namely, ZY1 （ in the light belt of Ziyan cave）, ZY2 （ in the dim light belt of Ziyan cave）, ZY3 （ in the dark belt of Ziyan cave）, LH1 （ in the light belt of Lianhua cave）, LH2 （ in the dim light belt of Lian- hua cave） , and LH3 （ in the dark belt of Lianhua cave）. According to the analysis of community diversity, the communities with the highest values of richness, diversity, maximum diversity, evenness, and dominance were ZY1, ZY1 , ZY1, LH1 and ZY1, respectively. Principal component analysis （PCA） showed that the effects of environmental factors on the. animal community structure in the caves decreased in the order of soil Ca content 〉 temperature 〉 humidity 〉 N2 〉 O2 〉 water Ca content 〉 CO2 〉 pH value 〉 soil organic matter content, among which, the effects of humidity and CO2 were negative.

关 键 词：群落结构 环境因子 紫烟洞 莲花洞 贵州省 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]