杂色山雀的繁殖生态  

Breeding ecology of Parus varius

作　　者：金春日[1] 王爽[1] 万冬梅[1] 李昊晔[1] 霍雅鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学生命科学院,沈阳110036

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2007年第12期1988-1995,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅项目(202012015);国家自然科学基金资助项目(30670288)

摘　　要：2004—2006年3—7月在辽宁省白石砬子国家级自然保护区对杂色山雀的繁殖生态进行了观察研究。结果表明:该鸟繁殖期为3—7月,筑巢地除了树洞之外,还见在墙缝、石缝、金腰燕旧巢及电柱孔洞中筑巢,筑巢主要由雌鸟完成,雄鸟从旁协助;产卵期为5～8d,日产1枚,窝卵数为(6.92±0.92)枚(n=13);产满窝卵数后即开始孵化;孵化由雌鸟单独完成,孵化期(14.00±0.00)d(n=10),坐巢时间(570.00±11.02)min.d-1(n=9)(不含夜间),平均坐巢时间(57.00±6.75)min.次-1(n=9),雄鸟担任警卫任务,孵化期较为敏感,受到干扰易弃巢;育雏期(17.50±0.58)d(n=4),由雌雄鸟共同喂雏,雏鸟出飞后先是在亲鸟的带领下在巢周活动,之后活动范围逐渐扩展,2～3d后基本离开巢区。From March to July in 2004-2006, the breeding ecology of Parus varius was studied in the National Nature Reserve of Baishilazi, Liaoning Province. The results showed that the breeding period of P. varius was from March to July. P. varius nested in tree holes, slots of walls or rocks, old nests of Hirundo daurisa, or holes of telegraph poles. The nest was mainly built by female with the assistance of male. The duration of laying eggs was 5-8 days, with 1 egg laid everyday and an average clutch size of （6.92 ± 0. 92 ） eggs （ n = 13 ）. When the eggs filled up the nest, female alone did hatching, and the hatching duration was （14. 00 ± 0. 00） days （n = 10）. At daytime, female stayed in nest for （570. 00 ± 11.02） min （n =9）, with an average of （57.00 ± 6. 75 ） min （n=9） each time. Male guarded the nest. During hatching, P. varius was more sensitive, and gave up the nest under disturbances. The male and female fed the nestlings together, and the average duration of feeding nestlings was （ 17.50 ± 0. 58） days （n=4）. The nestlings flew out of the nest, and moved with parents around the nest patch for two or three days before finally left.

关 键 词：杂色山雀 繁殖生态 雏乌生长 辽宁 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]