粤北大宝山矿废水中锌的环境地球化学  

Environmental Geochemistry and ecological effects of zinc in acid drainage from Dabaoshan Mine of North Guangdong Province

作　　者：付善明[1] 周永章[2] 张澄博[2] 杨丽[3] 丁健[2] 曾锋[2] 

机构地区：[1]广州大学环境科学与工程学院,广东广州510006 [2]中山大学地球环境与地球资源研究中心,广东广州510275 [3]江苏省环境监测中心,江苏南京210036

出　　处：《水资源保护》2007年第6期7-11,共5页Water Resources Protection

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金研究团队项目(2004A3030800);广东省重大专项攻关项目(2005A30402006)

摘　　要：粤北大宝山铁多金属矿床的开发给周围环境带来了严重的危害。采选产生的酸性废水携带浸滤出的重金属离子流入横石河,严重影响矿区及其下游的生态环境。从尾砂、水体、河流底泥、土壤以及食用蔬菜探讨整个环境系统对锌的环境响应。结果表明,河流水中高锌含量直接源于尾砂,并受水体pH值的显著影响;河流底泥能够大量聚集水体中的锌,在pH值高时,相对稳定存在,当水体pH值降低时,锌会被再次从河流底泥中释放出来,形成河流二次污染;土壤中锌含量和土壤pH值有良好正相关关系;食用蔬菜中锌的高含量受土壤的锌总量决定,并受土壤pH值的影响,通过改善农业用灌溉水质,可以降低蔬菜重金属含量。Activities on the iron polymetallic mine have caused severe impacts on the environment in Dabaoshan Mine in North Guangdong. The acid mine drainage and heavy metal ions drained directly into the Hengshihe River, which affected the ecological environment around the mine and downstream of the river severely. Th~ environmental responses of whole ecosystem to zinc were investigated from the tailing, water body, bed sediments in the river, soil, and esculent vegetables. It showed that the high zinc concentration in river water came from the tailings and was affected distinctly by pH value of water. Bed sediments can accumulate a mass of zinc in water, which was stable under high pH value while it was released from the sediments under low pH value and formed secondary contamination. The zinc concentration in soils was positively related with pH value of soils. The high zinc concentration in vegetables was determined by the total zinc in soils and affected by pH value of the soft. The improvement of water quality for agricultural irrigation can help to reduce the content of heavy metals in vegetations.

关 键 词：酸性废水 重金属 生态效应 大宝山矿 

分 类 号：X75[环境科学与工程—环境工程]