六种阳离子助剂对阿维菌素的增效作用  

Synergism of six cationic adjuvants to avermectin

作　　者：陈召亮[1] 韩志任[1] 马超[1] 翟茹环[1] 慕卫[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学植物保护学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2007年第8期801-806,共6页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：农业部农药化学与应用技术重点实验室开放基金资助项目(2004006)

摘　　要：采用浸虫法和叶片药膜法比较了6种阳离子助剂与阿维菌素混用对小菜蛾Plutella xylostella3龄幼虫的增效作用,并通过测定助剂对阿维菌素药液物理性状的影响以及助剂对小菜蛾体内超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、过氧化氢酶(catalases,CAT)和过氧化物酶(peroxidases,POD)3种保护酶活性的影响等方面对其增效机制进行了初步分析,为阳离子助剂在杀虫剂领域的开发提供一定的依据。结果表明:在400mg/L以下,各阳离子助剂单独使用对小菜蛾3龄幼虫均无生物活性,但可明显提高阿维菌素对小菜蛾的药效。两种方法中,浸虫法的增效作用大于叶片药膜法,其中松香酸铜、1427和412103对阿维菌素的增效倍数分别为3.71、2.82和2.72。6种助剂均可明显降低阿维菌素药液的表面张力和接触角及增加药液在甘蓝叶片上的沉积量,但不同助剂间及相同助剂不同浓度间差异虽大多显著;与增效比结果综合分析表明,助剂的润湿性能与其增效作用之间关系不大。阿维菌素药液分别加入松香酸铜、1427和412103后使试虫体内POD和SOD的活性明显提高,从侧面说明这3种助剂对虫体更具渗透性。In order to provide theoretical proofs for the application of cationic adjuvants, the synergism of six cationic adjuvants to avermectin on 3rd-instar larvae of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, were studied by dipping method and contact and stomach method in the laboratory. The effect of adjuvants on physical properties of avermectin dilutions and activities of three protective enzymes of P. xylostella larvae were also tested. The results showed that all cationic adjuvants had no direct biological activity alone under the concentration of 400 mg/L, but they could dramatically improved avermectin bioefficacy against P. xylostella. The synergism ability with dipping method was more obvious than with contact and stomach method. Among the six adjuvants, copper abietate, 1427 and 412103 had 3.71, 2.82 and 2.72-fold synergism ratio, respectively. Although all the six adjuvants could decrease the surface tension and contact angle of water dilutions of avermectin EW and increase their depositing rates on the leaf of cabbage, they showed no significant difference either in different treatments or in different concentrations of the same adjuvant. These results suggested that the change of properties of dilutions by cationic adjuvant were not the main cause of synergism. The activities of peroxidases （POD） and superoxide dismutase （SOD） increased dramatically 2 h after being treated by avermectin dilutions which were added with copper abietate, 1427 and 412103. This implied that the three adjuvants had higher permeabilities on P. xylostella larvae.

关 键 词：小菜蛾 阿维菌素 阳离子助剂 增效作用 保护酶 

分 类 号：S482.92[农业科学—农药学]