中小学校结核病健康教育现状分析  

Status quo of tuberculosis health education in primary and middle schools

作　　者：王兴军[1] 王黎霞[1] 朱广荣[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心结核病预防控制中心,北京100050 [2]北京大学医学部公共卫生学院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2007年第7期521-523,534,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：第一轮中国全球基金结核病项目(No.CHN-102-G01-T-00)

摘　　要：目的了解中小学校结核病健康教育现状,为更好地开展学校结核病健康教育提供参考依据。方法通过分层目的性抽样和随机整群抽样,对2个省3个县的676名学校健康教育相关教师和3127名学生进行问卷调查,并对其中2个县的4名行政部门领导、8名学校负责人和64名教师分别进行深入访谈和小组访谈。结果教师和中学生、小学生对结核病防治核心信息的正确掌握率分别为47.9%、36.1%和38.3%。学校健康教育专职教师占44.8%。92.6%的教师未接受过结核病健康教育方面的培训。39.8%的教师既往从未讲授过结核病相关的防治知识。学校结核病健康教育主要障碍为教师缺乏培训、教材和教学设备的缺乏。影响学校结核病健康教育工作开展的因素有教学能力、态度、政府和学校重视程度及学生的兴趣等。结论当前学校结核病健康教育工作亟待加强,需要卫生和教育部门的紧密配合,完善师资队伍和能力建设,开发和提供更多的教育资源,并建立稳定、持续的经费保障机制。Objective To analyze status quo of tuberculosis （TB） health education in primary and middle schools and provide evidences for the policy-making. Methods 676 teachers and 3127 students in three counties of two provinces selected by stratified purposeful sampling and random sampling were investigated by questionnaires. 8 principals and 64 teachers in two counties were interviewed. Results The core TB knowledge awareness of teachers, pupils and middle school students were respectively 47.9%, 36.1% and 38.3%. The proportion of professional health education teachers was only 44.8 %. 92.6 % of all the teachers had never been trained on TB and 39.8 % had never given TB health - education activities for the students in class. The main constraints of tuberculosis education in schools at present were short of training for the teachers, teaching materials and facilities. And teaching ability and attitude of the teachers, the recognition of the government and schools and the interests of the students had a great impact on the implementation of TB health - education activities. Conclusion Now TB health education in schools is very important and need to be strengthened urgently. An effective collaboration mechanism should be established between health and education sectors. More teaching materials and guidelines should be developed and the teaching ability needs to be improved. A stable and continued financing mechanism also should be established.

关 键 词：学校 结核病 健康教育 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]