上海市浦东新区管道直饮水供水小区居民饮水卫生习惯调查  

Investigation on Water Drinking Habit of Residents in Communities Provided with Pipe Direct Drinking Water System in Pudong New District

作　　者：史济峰[1] 范忠飞 张振东[1] 杨胜华[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市浦东新区卫生监督署,上海200126

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2007年第5期316-317,共2页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：上海市浦东新区社会发展局卫生科技发展专项基金资助(PW2005A-23)

摘　　要：目的了解管道直饮水供水小区居民的饮水卫生习惯,为有针对性地开展健康教育活动提供科学依据。方法采用整群抽样的方法,以上海市浦东新区所有管道直饮水供水小区中楼道号尾数为3,且年居住时间≥8个月的居民家庭作为研究对象。于2006年6—7月,入户对研究对象中年龄>18岁的居民进行问卷调查,并同时对其管道直饮水水龙头和自来水水龙头进行环节采样。依照GB/T 18204—2000《公共场所茶具微生物检验方法》对细菌总数、大肠菌群进行检测。结果共调查340户,有107户配合调查,配合率为31.47%。经常使用管道直饮水的被调查家庭占80.37%(86/107),偶尔和从不使用的分别占13.08%(14/107),6.55%(7/107)。管道直饮水仅供饮用的家庭占52.34%(56/107);除饮用外,还用于日常洗、漱、洗菜、煮饭等的家庭占47.66%(51/107)。直接饮用管道直饮水的家庭占42.06%(45/107),采用煮沸后饮用的家庭占38.32%(41/107),偶尔会直接饮用的家庭占19.62%(21/107)。会先放掉一段管道内宿水的家庭占30.84%(33/107),有时会放掉的家庭占45.79%(49/107),而从不放掉的家庭占23.37%(25/107)。有32.71%(35/107)的家庭定期或不定期对管道直饮水龙头进行清洗、消毒,有67.29%(72/107)的家庭从未对管道直饮水龙头进行清洗、消毒。自来水龙头细菌总数检测范围为0～5100cfu/cm2,中位数为1350.00cfu/cm2;管道直饮水龙头细菌总数检测范围为0～8800cfu/cm2,中位数为28.50cfu/cm2。自来水龙头细菌总数检测阳性率为99.07%(106/107),高于管道直饮水龙头[83.18%(89/107)],经χ2检验,差异有统计学意义(χ2=16.69,P<0.01)。2种水龙头中均未检出大肠菌群。结论卫生行政部门在加强对管道直饮水监管的同时,还应加强对饮用者的健康教育,引导其养成良好的饮水卫生习惯,避免二次污染。Objective To know the health habit about water drinking of the residents in the communities provided with pipe direct drinking water system. Methods From June, 2006 till July, 2006, 340 family were interviewed using the same questionnaire. At the same time, the water samples were collected from the pipe direct drinking water system and tap water. Results Of the interviewed family, 80.37% drank the water of pipe direct drinking water system. 47.66% also used the water for washing, gargling, cooking and so on. 61.69% drank the water without boiling. 69.15% did not abandon the old water before using. 67.29% never sterilized the tap and the detection rate of bacteria in the samples was 83.18%. Conclusion The contamination situation of the pipe direct drinking water system in Podong New District, Shanghai is not to be ignored. The health administrative organization must strengthen the inspection of the pipe direct drinking water system and the health education in this field must be promoted.

关 键 词：水 管道直饮水 卫生习惯 卫生调查 

分 类 号：R123.5[医药卫生—环境卫生学]