盐胁迫下外源钙对高羊茅种子萌发和幼苗离子分布的影响  

Effects of exogenous calcium on the seed germination and seedling ions distribution of Festuca arundinacea under salt-stress

作　　者：朱义[1] 何池全[1] 杜玮[1] 胡一灵[1] 陈宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海大学环境与化学工程学院

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2007年第11期133-137,共5页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：上海市科委重大攻关项目(04dz12038)"资助

摘　　要：该文模拟了上海市临港新成陆地盐渍化土壤的盐分特点,并在100 mmol/L NaCl盐胁迫下,以常见牧草和草坪草高羊茅(Festucaarundinacea)为材料,在人工气候室可控制条件下,进行了盐胁迫下种子萌发和幼苗盆栽试验,用不同浓度的CaCl2(5、10、20、40、80 mmol/L)处理,研究高羊茅种子萌发和幼苗生长状况,重点研究了矿质元素Na+、K+、Ca2+和Mg2+在植株地上部分和地下部分的分布。研究表明:适当浓度的外源CaCl2浸种处理能缓解高羊茅种子受到的盐胁迫伤害,促使种子提前萌发,20 mmol/L CaCl2浸种处理能显著提高种子萌发率,但高浓度(80 mmol/L)的外源钙处理对高羊茅种子萌发不利;适当浓度的CaCl2处理能促进幼苗地上部分生长,降低高羊茅根冠比、稳定植物细胞膜、维持离子平衡、提高植物耐盐性,但是高浓度(80 mmol/L)CaCl2处理会对植物幼苗生长造成伤害。Salt characteristics of saline soils in Lingang District, Shanghai were analyzed. Taking experiments of germination and seedling growth of Festuca arundinacea under salt stress under the conditions of phytotron, the effects of supplementary CACl2（5, 10, 20, 40, 80 mmol/L） on germination and seedling growth at NaCI concentration（100 mmol/L） stress, specially on the distribution of Na^＋, K^＋, Ca^2＋, Mg^2＋ in roots and shoots, were studied. The results show that proper supplementary CaCl2 （20 mmol/L） can improve seeds germination and seedling growth significantly under 100 mmol/L NaCl, but high level CaCl2 （80 mmol/L） aggravates salt stress, In conclusion, supplementary CaCl2 with proper concentration added to the solution containing salt significantly improves seeds germination and physiological variables affected by stress （e. g. plant growth and membrane permeability） and also increases K^＋ and Ca^2＋ in plants, but CaCl2 concentration must low 40 mmol/L, higher level results in adverse effects to the germination and seedling growth, also disturbs the ion homeostasis.

关 键 词：钙 耐盐性 盐胁迫 高羊茅 离子平衡 

分 类 号：S158.3[农业科学—土壤学]