1980—1999年大兴安岭灌木、草本和地被物林火碳释放估算  

Estimation of carbon release from shrubs,herbages and litters in Daxing'an Mountains by forest fires in 1980-1999.

作　　者：胡海清[1] 孙龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2007年第12期2647-2653,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30471404);高等学校博士点学科科研基金项目(20040225003);国家"十五"科技攻关资助项目(2001BA509B17).

摘　　要：应用排放因子法，对大兴安岭林区1980-1999年间主要森林类型中灌木、草本和地被物因森林火灾释放的碳量及主要含碳温室气体量进行了估算．结果表明：不同森林类型灌木、草本和地被物的排放因子不同，以杜香-兴安落叶松林的灌木、草本和地被物层CO2排放因子最大，为93．08％，樟子松林最小，为82．56％；樟子松林CO和CxHy排放因子最大，分别为10．25％和0．84％，杜香-兴安落叶松林最小，分别为6．55％和0．30％．结合灌木、草本和地被物层生物量和碳储量数据，得出20年间大兴安岭典型森林类型灌木、草本和地被物层因森林火灾释放的总碳量为6．56Tg，年平均0．33Tg，约占全国森林火灾碳释放量的11．55％～16．30％；直接释放的含碳温室气体22．03Tg，其中CO2的释放量占总释放量的85．20％，CO占总释放量的14．21％，CxHy占总释放量的0．59％．By using emission factor （ EF）, this paper estimated the carbon release and the emission of carbon-containing gases from the shrubs, herbages and litters in main forest types in Daxing＇ an Mountains by forest fires in 1980-1999. The results showed that the EF of shrubs, herbages and litters differed in different forest types, with the maximum and minimum EF of CO2 being 93.08% and 82.56% , respectively in Ledum palustre - Larix gmelinii forest and Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica forest, the maximum EF of CO and CxHY being 10. 25% and 0. 84%, respectively in P. sylvestris var. mongolica forest, and the minimum EF of CO and CxHY being 6. 55% and 0. 30%, respectively in L. palustre - L. gmelinii forest. Combined with the data of biomass and carbon storage of shrubs, herbages and litters in different forests, it was estimated that the total carbon release from shrubs, herbages and litters by forest fires from 1980 to 1999 accounted for 6. 56 Tg and 0. 33 Tg ·a^-1 , occupying 11.55%-16. 30% of the total annual emissions in China by forest fires, and the emission of CO2, CO and CxHy was 22.03 Tg, accounting for 85.20%, 14. 21% and 0. 59% of the total carbon-containing gases emission, respectively.

关 键 词：林火 灌木 草本 地被物 排放因子 碳释放 

分 类 号：S762[农业科学—森林保护学]