普通野生稻保护和未保护居群遗传多样性的比较  

Comparative Studies on the Genetic Diversity between Conserved and Non-conserved Oryza rufipogon Populations

作　　者：李小湘[1] 王淑红[2] 段永红[2] 余丽琴[3] 黄海明[2] 李卫红[2] 孙桂华[2] 刘勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学,长沙410083 [2]湖南省农业科学院水稻研究所,长沙410125 [3]江西省农业科学院水稻研究所,南昌330200

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2007年第4期379-386,共8页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：中南大学研究生教育创新工程学位论文创新选题基金;湖南省农业科学院院长基金

摘　　要：为了评价普通野生稻自然居群遗传多样性，用24对SSR引物对5个保护居群（江西东乡庵家山JXD、湖南茶陵HNC、湖南江永HNJ、广东高州大岭GDD、海南儋州HND）和3个未保护居群（广西武宣GXW、广西来宾GXL、广东高州朋山GDP），共计356个单株进行了遗传多样性分析。24个位点均表现为多态，其中18个位点表现杂合子不足，RM339位点观察杂合度最高，RM336位点预期杂合度最高。SSR分析结果表明，8个居群的遗传多样性都较高，其中5个保护居群的Ae变幅为1．780（JXD）～2．504（HNJ），肌变幅为0．397（JXD）～0．555（HNJ）；3个未保护居群Ae变幅为2、153（GDP）～3．226（GXL）．He变幅为0．492（GDP）～0．640（GXL）。5个保护居群与3个未保护居群之间的遗传距离较大（0．6585）。这说明虽然有些居群得到了保护，但未保护居群的保护、收集价值仍然很大。居群间遗传分化明显（Fst=0．399），居群间遗传距离最小的HNJ居群与GXL居群的相似系数也只有0．43。F一统计显示所用居群都偏离了Hardy—Weinbery平衡（Fis=0．147），其中GDD、GDP、HND居群Fis〈0，表现为杂合子过剩；居群JXD的Fis为0．109，表现轻微的杂合子缺乏；HNC、HNJ、GXW、GXL的F括〉0，Fis值变幅为0．315（GXW）～0．473（HNJ），说明这4个居群中杂合子不足，可能与这些居群自交比例高有关。The genetic diversity of the in situ conserved populations of Oryza rufipogon in comparisons with the populations without conservations were estimated by using 24 SSR loci. The samples included 356 individuals from 5 conserved populations located in Dongxiang county, Jiangxi province （JXD） , Chaling county and Jiangyong county,Hunan province （HNC and HNJ）, Gaozhou city, Guangdong province （GDD）, and Danzhou city, Hainan province （HND）, and 3 non-conserved populations in Wuxuan county and Laibin city, Guanxi （GXW and GXL） Autonomous Region and Gaozhou city, Guandong province （GDP）. All the 24 loci were polymorphic, among which, 18 loci exhibited heterozygosity deficit. The highest observed heterozygosity （Ho） was generated by RM339, while the highest expected heterozygosity （He） appeared at RM336. In General, all these wild populations showed a high level of genetic diversity. Among the 5 conserved populations, the mean effective number of alleles （Ae） ranged from 1. 780 （ JXD ） to 2. 504 （ HNJ）, He ranged from 0. 397 （JXD） to 0. 555 （HNJ）. For the 3 populations without conservations, Ae varied from 2.153 （GDP） to 3. 226 （ GXL）, He from 0. 492 （GDP） to 0. 640 （GXL）, respectively. Nei＇s genetic distance was 0. 6585 between 5 conserved populations and 3 non-conserved populations. It demonstrated that the populations without conservations had great value of conservation and collection in spite of some populations conserved. The evaluation of genetic differentiation showed that 39.9% SSR variation was distributed among populations （ Fst = 0. 399 ）. F-statistics showed that these populations presented a slight deviation from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium （Fis = 0. 147 ）. The population GDD, GDP and HND showed slight heterozygosity excesses with F/s ranged from -0.03 （GDP） to -0. 186（HND）. The population JXD showed slight heterozygosity deficits with F/s = 0. 109, and the population HNC, HNJ, GXW and GXL showed significant heterozygot

关 键 词：SSR 普通野生稻 原地保护 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S511.9[农业科学—作物学]