接触正己烷致工人周围神经损害的研究  

Study on the damage of peripheral nerve in the workers exposed to n-hexane

作　　者：杨锦蓉[1] 张幸[2] 王菁[3] 钱亚玲[2] 吴志英[4] 汪严华 庞孟涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省疾病预防控制中心,浙江杭州310009 [2]浙江省医学科学院,310013 [3]浙江大学医学院,310006 [4]桐乡市疾病预防控制中心,314500 [5]浙江省卫生监督所,310009

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2007年第6期462-464,共3页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：浙江省科技厅重大攻关项目(编号:2004F11015)

摘　　要：目的研究接触正己烷致工人周围神经损害的影响。方法对206名接触正己烷的工人和128名对照组进行问卷、内科体检和神经传导速度及尿中2,5-己二酮、血清神经特异性烯化酶(NSE)水平测定。结果上帮车间正己烷浓度超过国家接触限值;下帮车间未超标。上帮车间组工人有乏力、肢麻、行走不便、下蹲起立困难、肌肉萎缩、跨越步态、肌力下降、浅感觉减退、腱反射减退等症状体征,与下帮车间组及对照组相比,差异有显著性(P<0.01)。测定248根运动神经传导速度中172根(69.3%)传导速度减慢,62根(25.0%)波幅下降;32根(12.9%)远端潜伏期延长;186根感觉神经中141根(75.8%)传导速度减慢;班后尿中均检出2,5-己二酮;血清NSE水平测定,异常率为22.6%。结论接触超限值正己烷浓度对工人的神经系统症状体征、神经传导速度、2,5-己二酮以及血清NSE水平均有影响。Objective To study the damage of peripheral nerves in the workers exposed to n-hexane. Methods An occupational health survey in a shoemaking corporation was carried out, covering 206 n-hexane exposed workers and 128 controls. Questionnaire, health inspections, nerve electromyogram （EMG） , urine 2,5-hexanedione and serum neuron specific enolase （NSE）were examined. Results n-Hexane concentration in ＂up lasting＂ workshop exceeded the national exposure limit, the workers there having debilitation, body anaesthesia, difficulty in walking, crouching and standing, weakness in lower limbs, span gait, myodynamia decrease, superficial sensation decrease and tendon reflex decrease. The above indexes had significant differences with those found in the ＂down lasting＂ workshop and the controls（P 〈0. 01 ）. The results showed that 69. 1% （ 172/ 249） of the motor nerves had slow conduction velocity, 24.9% （ 62/249 ） had amplitude descent, 12.9% （ 32/249 ） had delayed distal latency and 75. 8% （141/186）of the sensory nerves had slow velocity. 2,5-Hexanedione was detected in the exposers＇ ufine and the abnormality rate of serum NSE level was 22.6%. Condusion Nerve system, nerve conduction velocity and level of 2,5-hexanedione and serum NSE of the workers may be affected by n-hexane that exceeds the occupational exposure limit in the workshop.

关 键 词：正己烷 职业接触限值 健康影响 

分 类 号：R135.1[医药卫生—劳动卫生]