射线衰减法在水平气液两相流动流型识别中的应用  

Application of γ -ray attenuation technique in the recognition of gas-liquid two-phase flow patterns in horizontal pipe

作　　者：李志彪[1] 吴应湘[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院力学研究所工程科学部,北京100080

出　　处：《中国造船》2007年第B11期398-404,共7页Shipbuilding of China

摘　　要：流型是气液两相流的基本参数之一，由于不同的气液两相流流型具有不同的动力学和传热学特性，因而研究流型对气液两相流的理论研究和参数测量十分重要。叙述了利用γ-射线系统测量水平圆管内气-液两相流截面含液率的原理及数学算法。射线源为同位素241Am，它发出的光子能量是59．5keV。在长27m、直径为50mm的水平管内进行了实验，在此基础上对泡状流、塞状流和弹状流三种流型下截面含液率波动信号的时域特征进行了分析，分析结果表明，可以利用截面含液率信号波动特征识别流型。Flow and heat transfer characteristics of gas-liquid two-phase flow are strongly affected by its flow pastern.Therefore,the recognition of flow pattern is always an important subject of two-phase flow.This article describes the principle and the mathematical method of using γ-ray attenuation to measure the liquid holdup in horizontal gas-liquid two-phase flow.The γ -ray source is radioactive isotope of 241 Am which has the emission energy 59.5keV.Experiments are carried out in horizontal pipes of 50mm i.d. and 10m long.By analyzing signal of liquid holdup fluctuation of three flow patterns：bubble flow, plug flow and slug flow, it is shown that signal of liquid holdup fluctuation has objectively provided information of flow pattern,which can be used in flow pattern identification.

关 键 词：射线衰减法 两相流 流型 概率密度分布 

分 类 号：O359.1[理学—流体力学]