西藏近缘野生大麦RAPD和ISSR分子标记的遗传多样性  

Genetic Diversity of Wild Close Relatives of Barley(Hordeum vulgare L.) in Tibet of China by Using RAPD and ISSR Markers

作　　者：汪爱华[1] 丁毅[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学生命科学学院/植物发育生物学教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（理学版）》2007年第6期723-730,共8页Journal of Wuhan University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30270709)

摘　　要：采用随机扩增多态性分析(RAPD)和简单序列重复区间分析(ISSR)分子标记对110份青藏高原近缘野生大麦材料进行了遗传多样性分析.分别选取30条RAPD引物和10条ISSR引物进行PCR分析.结果表明30条RAPD引物共扩增出195条带,其中多态性位点比率为93.33%;10条ISSR引物共扩增出93条带,其中多态性位点比率为98.92%;研究证明ISSR标记能检测出比RAPD标记更多的遗传多态性.利用POPGNEN32软件对RAPD和ISSR结果进行遗传一致性系数分析,表明各居群的遗传相似性较高.利用算术平均的非加权成对分组法(UPGMA法)对RAPD标记和ISSR标记结果构建西藏近缘野生大麦聚类树状图,可将7个供试大麦居群聚为2组:一组包含所有来自西藏的居群,在ISSR树状图中阿里地区除外;而青海地区的聚为另外一组.结果表明,西藏地区近缘野生大麦具有较高的遗传多样性,为进一步证明西藏是大麦的起源中心之一的理论积累了有益的资料.Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA（RAPD） and inter-simple sequence repeats （ISSR） markers were used to evaluate the germplasm genetic diversity among 110 accessions of wild close relatives of barley （Hordeum vulgare L. ）from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. 30 RAPD primers and 10 ISSR primers were selected for PCR-amplification. The 30 RAPD primers and 10 ISSR primers generated 195 RAPD fragments and 93 ISSR fragments, respectively. The percentage of polymorphic loci was 93. 33% for RAPD markers and 98. 92% for ISSR markers. Therefore, ISSR markers were more efficient than the RAPD assay. Genetic Identity （GI） among different barley groups was very high computed by the software POPGNEN32. Based on RAPD markers and ISSR markers two UPGMA dendrograms were built. Both the dendrograms could divide the seven barley groups into two main clusters： one cluster containing all Tibetan barley groups except Nagri Prefecture in the ISSR dendrogram, while the barley group of Qinghai composed of another cluster. Therefore, these results showed the higher genetic diversity of barley in Tibet of China and also gave the further evidence to support the hypothesis that Tibet is one of the original centers of barley （Hordeum vulgare L. ）.

关 键 词：西藏近缘野生大麦 RAPD ISSR 遗传多样性 起源中心 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]