小桐子繁育系统与传粉生态学研究  

Breeding System and Pollination Ecology in Jatropha curcas

作　　者：李昆[1] 尹伟伦[1] 罗长维[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学生命科学与技术学院,北京100083 [2]中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2007年第6期775-781,共7页Forest Research

基　　金：国家科技部"十一五"科技支撑专题"干热河谷植被恢复抗逆植物材料筛选与快繁技术研究"(2006BAD03A0101);国家科技支撑计划"生物质资源高效培育技术研究"(2006BAD07A04)子课题"生物质资源麻疯树高效培育技术研究"

摘　　要：在野外定位观测小桐子花朵的功能形态特征、开花动态、传粉方式,用杂交指数（OCI）、花粉/胚珠比（P/O）、去雄、套袋、人工授粉等方法分别测定小桐子的繁育系统。结果显示：（1）小桐子是单性花,雌雄同株同序。雄花单花期2 d,雌花单花期5-8 d,雌花直径略大于雄花。（2）雄花开花后9 h内花粉活力较高,24 h后花粉活力明显降低,48 h后花粉基本散失活力;雌花柱头可授性在开花后4 d内最强,5-8 d可授性开始降低,第9天基本失去可授性。（3）传粉方式以虫媒传粉为主,为虫媒植物。（4）繁育系统检测结果为部分自交亲和异交,需要传粉者活动才能完成授粉过程。Plant flowering and breeding characteristics are im Flowering characteristics and pollination ecology of Jatrapha portant to understand reproduction of plant population. curcas were investigated in Yuanjiang County, Yunnan Province. The breeding system, pollen-ovule ratio （P/O）and pollen viability were determined. The results were as follows ： （ 1 ） Jatropha curcas was monoecious, The plant produced flowers in dichasial inflorescences. Normally, the flowers were unisexual, and male and female flowers were produced in the same inflorescence. In a few, only male flowers were produced in an inflorescence, and fruit were produced only through pollination between different flowers from the same or different plant. The 1 ife span of the male flower was about 2 days. The life span of the female flower was about 5 - 12 days. The diameter of female flower was bigger than that of the male flower slightly. （2）The pollen viability of male flower was relatively high in 9 hours after blooming and get low 33 hours later. The pollen hardly had any viability after 48 hours. The stigmatic receptivity of female flower was strong during 1^st-4^th day and began to decline on 5^th day. On 9^th day, stigma completely lost its receptivity. （3） The effective pollination way of J. curcas was insect pollination. （4）J. curcas was out-crossing, partly self-compatible ,requiring pollinator.

关 键 词：小桐子 繁育系统 传粉生态 开花特性 杂交指数 花粉/胚珠比 

分 类 号：S722.3[农业科学—林木遗传育种]