高速公路边坡侵蚀沟特性初步研究——以银武高速公路同心至固原段为例  

Characteristics of eroded valley on the side slope of expressway:Taking Yinwu Expressway from Tongxin to Guyuan Segment for example.

作　　者：张洪江[1] 李猛[1] 江玉林[2] 陈宗伟[2] 陈学平[2] 王晓东[1] 张红丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院 [2]交通部科学研究院

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2007年第6期143-147,共5页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：交通部西部交通科技项目(20033182233)

摘　　要：为研究高速公路边坡侵蚀沟的发生、发展规律,该文选择银武高速公路同心至固原段固原立交2.5 km的范围作为研究区段.在2006年6—8月间,根据不同公路边坡类型和防治措施,设置6个观测小区,采用体积量测法,实地调查公路边坡侵蚀沟的发生、发展过程,同时用虹吸式自记雨量计记录降雨量.分析结果表明,研究区沟蚀量与降雨量并没有显著关系,而与平均降雨强度具有一定的相关性,平均降雨强度只有大于9.47 mm/h时才有可能发生沟蚀,而且平均降雨强度越大,产生的沟蚀量越多;当平均降雨强度相当时,降雨量越大,产生的沟蚀量也越多;六棱砖防护措施能防止边坡沟蚀的产生,拱形框架梁防护措施能够很好地控制边坡沟蚀的发育;在同样有六棱砖或拱形框架梁防护下,结合植物措施后,其防护效果更佳.弃土场边坡侵蚀沟发育最为剧烈,一个雨季产生的沟蚀量达9 779.55 t/km2.To study the occurrence and developing law of eroded valley on the side slope of expressway,2.5 km of Guyuan interchange area,segment from Tongxin to Guyuan of Yinwu Expressway was selected as the experiment site.According to different slope types and preventive measures,six field experimental plots were set up in the rainy season of 2006.The occurrence and developing process of the eroded valley was investigated by volume method.The rainfall amount was measured by siphon recording rain gauge.The results showed that the amount of gully erosion cannot be kept with the rainfall amount efficiently.But it was relative to the average intensity of rainfall in a certain extent.When the average intensity of rainfall exceeded 9.47 mm/h,gully erosion was likely to happen.And the bigger the average intensity of rainfall is,the more the gully erosion is produced.Under certain average intensity of rainfall,the more the rainfall amount is,the more the gully erosion is.The measure of hexagon brick can prevent the eroded valley from happening.The preventive measures of arch beam can control the development of eroded valley.Combining them with vegetation measures,the slopes can be defended better.The eroded valley on the slopes of dump area developed acutely,where the amount of gully erosion can reach 9 779.55 t/km^2 during a rainy season.

关 键 词：高速公路 边坡 侵蚀沟 水土保持措施 

分 类 号：U412.366[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] S774[农业科学—森林工程]